Intestinal Microbiota and Perspectives of the Use of Meta-Analysis for Comparison of Ulcerative Colitis Studies

Abstract

Meta-analysis is a statistical process summarizing comparable data from a number of scientific papers. The use of meta-analysis in microbiology allows decision-making that has an impact on public health policy. It can happen that the primary researches come to different conclusions, although these are targeted with the same research question. It is, therefore, inevitable to have the means to systematically evaluate information and compare research results. Ulcerative colitis together with Crohn’s disease are among the two main inflammatory bowel diseases. This chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract, with an as yet unclear etiology, is presented by an uncontrolled inflammatory immune response in genetically predisposed individuals to as yet undefined environmental factors in interaction with the intestinal microbiota itself. In patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), changes in the composition and relative abundance of microorganisms could be observed. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), which commonly occur in the large intestine as part of the commensal microbiota of animals and humans involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, have been shown to occur. SRB are anaerobic organisms affecting short-chain fatty acid metabolism. This work outlines the perspectives of the use of meta-analysis for UC and changes in the representation of intestinal organisms in these patients.

Kui Jie Tong Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis by Regulating Gut Microbiota and NLRP3/Caspase-1 Classical Pyroptosis Signaling Pathway

“…Currently, it is accepted that UC-mediated intestinal immune-inflammatory damage is strongly associated with flora imbalance and abnormal activation of innate immunity processes. Several studies [ 2 ] have confirmed a serious intestinal flora imbalance in UC patients and associated animal models, including decreased flora diversity and abnormal microflora structural composition [ 3 ], e.g., decreased Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Rosella, and Prosnitzia and increased pathogens, i.e., Proteus, Enterococcus, and Prevoteus [ 4 ]. When there is flora imbalance, intestinal pathogen-related molecular models (PAMPs) are increased, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), phosphoteichoic acid (LTA), peptidoglycan (PGN), mannose, and bacterial DNA.…”

Desulfovibrio desulfuricans AY5 Isolated from a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder Binds Iron in Low-Soluble Greigite and Pyrite

“…Sulphate derived from sulphomucin degradation may promote the colonization of the gut by SRB, including Desulfovibrio [39]. SRB are a common constituent of the human gut microbiome [40,41]. Relatively little is known about the ecology of SRB populations in the human colon; however, in the mouse, SRB were found to be most abundant in those intestinal regions harbouring the greatest density of sulphomucin-containing goblet cells [42].…”

Epigenetic DNA Methylation of EBI3 Modulates Human Interleukin-35 Formation via NFkB Signaling: A Promising Therapeutic Option in Ulcerative Colitis

“…The precise etiology is still not clear. Besides genetic susceptibility, a role of the gut microbiome, influenced by diet, environmental factors, drugs, etc., on the pathogenesis of IBD is discussed, since dysbiosis leads to widespread alteration of the intestinal environment and destruction of the intestinal barrier [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. UC is associated with a dysregulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.…”