Intestinal motility changes in rats after enteric serotonergic neuron destruction

Piñeiro-Carrero, V; Clench, Mary H.; Davis, Robert H.; Andres, Joel M.; Franzini, D; Mathias, John R.

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.1991.260.2.g232

Cited by 27 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…It has been demonstrated that 5-HT is involved in mediating interdigestive contractions of the small intestine in rats (46). Subcutaneous or intravenous administration of 5-HT can induce intestinal migrating myoelectrical activity in a dosedependent manner in rats (40,48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of serotonin (5-HT) in regulating GI motility has been well documented for over 30 years (46). It has been shown that intestinal migrating myoelectrical activity are reg-ulated via an endogenous 5-HT in rats (5,40,48).…”

Section: -Ht3 Receptors; 5-ht4 Receptors; Enterochromaffin Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After duodenectomy, no obvious phase III contractions were seen in the antrum, but migrating phase III contractions were seen in the upper jejunum in dogs (50). Gastric phase III is vagal dependent, whereas intestinal phase III is vagal independent in dogs (33).The role of serotonin (5-HT) in regulating GI motility has been well documented for over 30 years (46). It has been shown that intestinal migrating myoelectrical activity are reg-…”

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confidence: 99%

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Endogenous ghrelin and 5-HT regulate interdigestive gastrointestinal contractions in conscious rats

Taniguchi

Ariga²,

Zheng³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Endogenous ghrelin causes interdigestive contractions of the stomach in rats. In contrast, previous studies showed that 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors were involved in regulating intestinal interdigestive contractions. We studied the possible role of endogenous ghrelin and 5-HT regulating interdigestive gastrointestinal (GI) contractions in rats. Four strain gauge transducers were implanted on the antrum, duodenum, and proximal and distal jejunum. After an overnight fast, GI contractions were recorded in freely moving conscious rats and ghrelin receptor antagonists [(D-lys3)GHRP6; 1 mol/kg], 5-HT3 antagonists (Ondansetron; 0.5 mg/kg) and 5-HT 4 antagonists (GR 125,487; 1 mg/kg) were administered (bolus iv). To evaluate the relationship between the luminal concentrations of 5-HT and phase III-like contractions of the duodenum, duodenal juice was collected via the intraduodenal catheter. 5-HT content of the duodenal juice was measured by HPLC. (D-lys3)GHRP6 significantly attenuated the occurrence and amplitude of phase III-like contractions of the antrum, but not the duodenum and jejunum. 5-HT 4 antagonists significantly reduced spontaneous phase III-like contractions of the jejunum, without affecting those of the antrum and duodenum. In contrast, 5-HT 3 antagonists did not affect phase III-like contractions in GI tract. Luminal concentration of 5-HT at the phase III-like contraction (36.0 Ϯ 13.3 ng/ml, n ϭ 9) was significantly higher than that at the phase I-like contractions of the duodenum (4.9 Ϯ 1.6 ng/ml, n ϭ 9, P Ͻ 0.05). It is suggested that released ghrelin from the gastric mucosa mediates gastric phase III-like contractions, whereas 5-HT released from enterochromaffin cells of the duodenal mucosa mediates intestinal phase III-like contractions via 5-HT 4 receptors. 5-HT3 receptors; 5-HT4 receptors; enterochromaffin cells DURING THE INTERDIGESTIVE state, the stomach and small intestine show a remarkable motor pattern, known as the migrating motor complex (MMC) in dogs (51) and humans (56). MMC consists of three phases: phase I (period of motor quiescence), phase II (period of irregular low-amplitude contractions), and phase III (period of regular high-amplitude contractions). Phase III contractions of MMC have physiological importance for clearance of secretions, debris, and microbes during fasting and let the stomach be ready to receive a next meal (56). Plasma motilin levels are highly associated with the appearance of gastric phase III in dogs (34). Motilin administration caused phase III contractions in human and dogs (33, 60).The characteristic feature of gastric MMC is different among species. In humans and dogs, MMC is usually observed every 90 -120 min the interdigestive state. In contrast, MMC cycle is short (less than 20 min) in rats and not so regular as that of humans and dogs (2, 18, 53). Since it is rather difficult to distinguish three phases in rats, these phases are called as phase I-like contractions and phase III-like contractions in rats (3,18,53).Ghrelin, a 28-amino acid peptide, was discov...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -Ht3 Receptors; 5-ht4 Receptors; Enterochromaffin Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endogenous ghrelin and 5-HT regulate interdigestive gastrointestinal contractions in conscious rats

Taniguchi

Ariga²,

Zheng³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…The abdominal wall was opened and four bipolar copper electrodes with silver-chloride plating at their recording end were implanted in the small intestine. The first of these four electrodes was implanted 5 cm distal to the suspensory muscle of the duodenum (ligament of Treitz) (22) and the remaining three electrodes at subsequent distal portions spaced 7 cm apart. The remaining ninth wire (stainless steel) was used as ground and implanted in the subcutaneous fold of the right lateral abdominal wall.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the acupoints ST-36 (Zusanli) and SP-6 (Sanyinjiao) on intestinal myoelectric activity of Wistar rats

Tabosa

Yamamura

Forno

et al. 2002

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Despite its ancient use as a therapeutic tool to treat several ailments, acupuncture still faces the challenge of scrutiny by Western science both in terms of its efficacy and in terms of the characterization of its effects and mechanisms of actions underlying these effects. We investigated under well-controlled and carefully characterized conditions the influence of electrical stimulation of acupuncture points ST-36 (Zusanli) and SP-6 (Sanyinjiao) on the myoelectric activity of the small intestine of 38 adult male Wistar rats. Electrical recordings obtained by means of four electrodes chronically implanted in the small intestine were used to assess the effects of acupuncture (electroacupuncture stimulation set at 2 Hz, intermittent stimulation, 1 V, for 30 min). Immobilization of the animals was associated with a consistent decrease (-8 ± 7%) in the myoelectric activity of the small intestine as measured by means of the root mean square. Conversely, acupuncture was able to significantly increase (overshoot) this activity compared to baseline (+44 ± 7%). In contrast, immobilized animals subjected to sham acupuncture had only modest (nonsignificant) increases in myoelectric activity (+9 ± 6%). Using carefully controlled conditions we confirmed previous noncontrolled studies on the ability of acupuncture to alter intestinal motility. The characterization of the topographic and temporal profiles of the effects observed here represents a basis for future dissection of the physiological and pharmacological systems underlying these effects. Correspondence

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“…It has been demonstrated that 5-HT is involved in mediating interdigestive contractions of the small intes-tine in rats [13] . Subcutaneous or intravenous administration of 5-HT can induce intestinal migrating myoelectrical activity in rats [14,15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ghrelin on interdigestive contractions of the rat gastrointestinal tract

Taniguchi¹,

Ariga²,

Zheng³

et al. 2008

WJG

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In the interdigestive state, the stomach and small intestine show a remarkable motor pattern, known as the migrating motor complex (MMC) [1] . MMC consists of three phases; phaseⅠ(period of motor quiescence), phase Ⅱ (period of irregular low amplitude contractions) and phase Ⅲ (period of regular high amplitude contractions). In humans and dogs, MMC is usually observed every 90-120 min in the interdigestive state. In contrast, in rats, MMC cycle is less than 20 min and not so regular, compared to humans and dogs [2,3] . Exogenously administered motilin does not induce phase Ⅲ-like contractions in rats. Motilin or its receptors are not found in rats [4] . Ghrelin, a 28-amino acid peptide, was discovered as the endogenous ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) from the rat stomach [5] . Because of a structural resemblance to motilin, ghrelin is known as the motilin-related peptide [6,7] . Ghrelin administration causes phase Ⅲ-like contraction at the antrum and duodenum in conscious rats [3,8] . We recently showed that gastric spontaneous phase Ⅲ-like contractions were abolished by ghrelin receptor antagonists [9] . This suggests that endogenous ghrelin regulates spontaneous phase Ⅲ-like contractions of the rat stomach.However, it still remains unknown whether ghrelin regulates intestinal phase Ⅲ-like contractions in rats. In the current study, we investigated whether exogenously administered ghrelin stimulates phase Ⅲ-like contractions of gastrointestinal (GI) tract in conscious rats. EFFECTS OF GHRELIN ON THE INTERDIGESTIVE GI CONTRACTIONSMale Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 280-340 g were kept AbstractGhrelin causes interdigestive contractions of the stomach in rats. However, it remains unknown whether ghrelin causes interdigestive contractions in the small intestine. Four strain gauge transducers were implanted on the antrum, duodenum, proximal and distal jejunum. After an overnight fast, gastrointestinal (GI) contractions were recorded in freely moving conscious rats. Spontaneous phase Ⅲ-like contractions were observed at every 13-16 min in rat GI tract. The fasted motor patterns were replaced by the fed motor pattern immediately after food intake. Two minutes after finishing the spontaneous phase Ⅲ-like contractions in the antrum, acyl ghrelin (0.8, 2.4 and 8.0 µg/kg per min) was continuously infused for 30 min. Three-five minutes after the starting ghrelin infusion, augmented phase Ⅲ-like contractions were observed at the antrum, duodenum, and jejunum. Ghrelin infusion (0.8, 2.4 and 8.0 µg/kg per min) significantly increased motility index of phase Ⅲ-like contractions at the antrum and jejunum in a dose dependent manner, compared to that of saline injection. Thus, it is likely that exogenously administered ghrelin causes phase Ⅲ-like contraction at the antrum, which migrates to the duodenum and jejunum. The possible role of 5-HT, in addition to ghrelin, in mediating intestinal migrating motor complex (MMC), is discussed.

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Intestinal motility changes in rats after enteric serotonergic neuron destruction

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Endogenous ghrelin and 5-HT regulate interdigestive gastrointestinal contractions in conscious rats

Endogenous ghrelin and 5-HT regulate interdigestive gastrointestinal contractions in conscious rats

Effect of the acupoints ST-36 (Zusanli) and SP-6 (Sanyinjiao) on intestinal myoelectric activity of Wistar rats

Effects of ghrelin on interdigestive contractions of the rat gastrointestinal tract

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