Intestinal parasitic infections and atopic dermatitis among Venezuelan Warao Amerindian pre‐ school children

Hagel, Isabel; Puccio, Franca; Lopez, E. Garcia; Lugo, Dennis A.; Cabrera, Maira; Prisco, María Cristina Di

doi:10.1111/pai.12190

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, the prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in our study (up to 26 % in the 2- to 4-year-olds at study week 28) was higher than the prevalence of Giardia in those two studies [ 49 , 50 ]. Intestinal parasites may have contributed to the high incidence of AM in our cohort, as suggested in a large survey in Brazilian children < 5 years [ 51 ], including Giardia, which was shown to be a risk factor for allergy [ 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cow’s milk-based beverage consumption in 1- to 4-year-olds and allergic manifestations: an RCT

Pontes

Ribeiro

et al. 2015

Nutr J

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BackgroundNutrients such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), prebiotics and β-glucan have been associated with reduced incidence of respiratory illnesses and allergic manifestations (AM). Our objective was to assess if consumption of a cow’s milk-based beverage with these and other nutrients supports respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin health in otherwise well-nourished, healthy children.MethodsIn this double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, healthy children (1–4 years of age) from two daycare centers in Brazil were fed three servings/day of a cow’s milk-based beverage (CMBB; n = 125) containing DHA, the prebiotics polydextrose (PDX) and galactooligosaccharides (GOS), β-glucan, and other key nutrients, or a control cow’s milk-based beverage (control; n = 131) for up to 28 weeks. Occurrence of respiratory infections, diarrheal disease and AM was assessed by study pediatricians and the number of episodes were analyzed with the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test and the Andersen-Gill model.ResultsThe CMBB group had fewer episodes of AM, which included allergic rhinitis or conjunctivitis, wheezing, allergic cough, eczema and urticaria, compared to the control group (p = 0.021). The hazard ratio for increased number of episodes of AM was lower in the CMBB group compared to control (HR, 0.64; 95 % CI 0.47–0.89; p = 0.007). There was no difference in the incidence of respiratory infections and diarrheal disease between groups.ConclusionA cow’s milk-based beverage containing DHA, PDX/GOS, and yeast β-glucan, and supplemented with micronutrients, including zinc, vitamin A and iron, when consumed 3 times/day for 28 weeks by healthy 1- to 4-year-old children was associated with fewer episodes of allergic manifestations in the skin and the respiratory tract.Trial registrationregistration number: NCT01431469

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cow’s milk-based beverage consumption in 1- to 4-year-olds and allergic manifestations: an RCT

Pontes

Ribeiro

et al. 2015

Nutr J

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“…Some studies have reported a relatively high prevalence of parasitemia in children with allergic diseases. As there is some evidence that these may aggravate the disease course ( 65 , 277 – 279 ), patient management should include deworming strategies when required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of iron, zinc, and vitamins as a contributor to the etiology of atopic diseases

et al. 2023

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Micronutritional deficiencies are common in atopic children suffering from atopic dermatitis, food allergy, rhinitis, and asthma. A lack of iron, in particular, may impact immune activation with prolonged deficiencies of iron, zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin D associated with a Th2 signature, maturation of macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), and the generation of IgE antibodies. In contrast, the sufficiency of these micronutrients establishes immune resilience, promotion of regulatory cells, and tolerance induction. As micronutritional deficiencies mimic an infection, the body’s innate response is to limit access to these nutrients and also impede their dietary uptake. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the physiological function of iron, zinc, and vitamins A and D in relation to immune cells and the clinical consequences of deficiencies in these important nutrients, especially in the perinatal period. Improved dietary uptake of iron is achieved by vitamin C, vitamin A, and whey compounds, whereas zinc bioavailability improves through citrates and proteins. The addition of oil is essential for the dietary uptake of beta-carotene and vitamin D. As for vitamin D, the major source comes via sun exposure and only a small amount is consumed via diet, which should be factored into clinical nutritional studies. We summarize the prevalence of micronutritional deficiencies of iron, zinc, and vitamins in the pediatric population as well as nutritional intervention studies on atopic diseases with whole food, food components, and micronutrients. Dietary uptake via the lymphatic route seems promising and is associated with a lower atopy risk and symptom amelioration. This review provides useful information for clinical studies and concludes/emphasizes that a healthy, varied diet containing dairy products, fish, nuts, fruits, and vegetables as well as supplementing foods or supplementation with micronutrients as needed is essential to combat the atopic march.

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“…These levels were profoundly increased by Ascaris lumbricoides co-infection [83]. The same group also found that giardiasis may enhance the outcome of atopic dermatitis allergic reactions in school children [84]. But G. duodenalis infection was also found to reduce granulocyte infiltration in an in vivo model of bacterial toxin-induced colitis and attenuates inflammation in human intestinal tissue suggesting modulating immune responses during giardiasis [85].…”

Section: Adaptive Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Immunological Enigma of Human Giardiasis

Klotz

Aebischer

2015

Curr Trop Med Rep

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Giardiasis is a major cause of enteritis in humans worldwide. The disease is caused by two very distinct genetic groups (referred to as assemblages A and B) of the species complex Giardia duodenalis. The trophozoites stage colonizes the duodenum and jejunum of the small intestine and may cause a broad variety of disease outcomes that reach from asymptomatic carriers to patients with acute or chronic severe gastrointestinal complaints. Studies in immunocompromised patients imply that antibody-mediated acquired immune responses and a minimal T cell availability are of major importance for parasite clearance. These mechanisms likely play in concert with natural resistance mechanisms that are present in the intestinal mucosa. In humans no sterile immunity is acquired after infection. Epidemiological studies further suggest passive protection from symptomatic giardiasis in breastfed children. However, there is a fundamental lack of knowledge about the underlying immunological mechanisms of human giardiasis.

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Intestinal parasitic infections and atopic dermatitis among Venezuelan Warao Amerindian pre‐ school children

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Cow’s milk-based beverage consumption in 1- to 4-year-olds and allergic manifestations: an RCT

Cow’s milk-based beverage consumption in 1- to 4-year-olds and allergic manifestations: an RCT

Lack of iron, zinc, and vitamins as a contributor to the etiology of atopic diseases

The Immunological Enigma of Human Giardiasis

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