Intestinal parasitism in pediatric oncology children receiving chemotherapy: unexpected low prevalence

El-Badry, Ayman A.; Sayed, Samar S. El; Hussein, Rafiaa R.; Said, Youssef M.; Al-Antably, Abeer S.; Hassan, Marwa A.

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02228

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“… 30 On the other hand, some studies have reported an unexpectedly low prevalence of enteroparasites including Cryptosporidium , including none at all. 31 , 32 The findings of our study as well as previous research results highlight that this patient group is under risk of cryptosporidiosis and cases with diarrhea should be taken into consideration in terms of cryptosporidiosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Cryptosporidium spp. during chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study of 94 patients with malignant solid tumor

et al. 2021

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BACKGROUND: Cryptosporidium spp . is a protozoan parasite that infects many vertebrate animals, including humans. Since Cryptosporidium spp . can cause chronic life-threatening diarrhea and severe malabsorption in immunocompromised patients, we investigated the prevalence of this parasite among patients undergoing chemotherapy for malignant solid tumors. OBJECTIVE: Investigate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp . in stool samples. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Tertiary care. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Stool samples were collected from adult patients with malignant solid tumors receiving chemotherapy and diarrhea. Cryptosporidium spp . prevalence was determined using Ziehl–Neelsen staining, ELISA, and real-time PCR targeting of the COWP gene. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp . in patients undergoing chemotherapy for malignant solid tumors. SAMPLE SIZE: 94 RESULTS: The prevalence was 2.1% (2/94), 5.3% (5/94), and 5.3% (5/94) as detected by Ziehl–Neelsen staining, real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. The prevalence reached 8.5% (8/94) using all results obtained from the three methods. Among eight positive stool samples, four were positive by at least two different methods (Ziehl–Neelsen staining-ELISA or ELISA-real-time PCR) whereas the remaining four were positive by either ELISA or real-time PCR. CONCLUSION: These findings show the risk of cryptosporidiosis in cancer patients and the necessity to use at least two diagnostic methods during the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis to reach more accurate and trustworthy results. LIMITATIONS: Further studies with a larger sample size are recommended. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Cryptosporidium spp. during chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study of 94 patients with malignant solid tumor

et al. 2021

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“…The main characteristics of the included papers are provided in Table 2 . According to geographical location, most studies (14 papers) were from Iran, 35–48 followed by 3 from Turkey, 49–51 3 from Egypt, 52–54 2 from Brazil, 55 , 56 2 from India, 57 , 58 and 1 each from Indonesia, 59 Iraq, 60 Malaysia, 61 Mexico, 62 Poland, 63 Uganda, 64 Uzbekistan 65 and Yemen. 66 Overall, 21 studies were from Asia (3706 individuals), followed by 4 studies from Africa (2268 individuals), 4 from Europe (687 individuals), 2 from South America (143 individuals) and 1 from North America (77 individuals).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At first glance, the weighted prevalence of infection in African nations was expected to be equal to that in low-income countries, while a closer look showed that since some Asian countries, for example, Yemen, 66 are included in the low-income group, the prevalence of giardiasis in African nations varies from low-income ones. In addition, some African countries such as Egypt 52–54 are not included among low-income nations, which causes a difference in the weighted prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global epidemiology of Giardia duodenalis infection in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mahdavi

Sadrebazzaz

Chahardehi

et al. 2021

International Health

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Background Application of chemotherapeutics in cancer patients may provide an immunosuppressive milieu, favourable for parasitic infections. Giardia duodenalis is an important zoonotic intestinal parasite responsible for diarrhoea in humans worldwide. Methods The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of G. duodenalis and respective odds ratios (ORs) in cancer patients around the globe. Four online databases—PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar—were carefully explored for relevant literature without time limitation until 28 November 2020. Meta-analysis was done based on a random effects model to pool the estimations and define 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results The overall weighted prevalence of G. duodenalis infection in cancer patients was calculated to be 6.9% (95% CI 0.5 to 9.3) globally, based on data from 32 studies. Although not statistically significant, eight case–control studies revealed that cancer patients were 1.24 times (95% CI 0.66 to 2.31; p=0.501) more exposed to G. duodenalis infection than healthy controls. Moreover, the prevalence of infection was not significantly associated with quantitative variables, including publication year (regression coefficient −0.0135, p=0.578), sample size (regression coefficient −0.0007, p=0.074) and human development index (regression coefficient −1.6263, p=0.419). Also, subgroup analysis of the pooled G. duodenalis infection was performed for publication year, World Health Organization regions, countries, continents, cancer types and country income. Conclusions Altogether, the epidemiology of G. duodenalis infection and its associated risk factors in immunocompromised individuals, especially cancer patients, is still open to question and deserves comprehensive investigations.

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“…Many nations experience significant death and economic loss as a result of parasitic illnesses caused by protozoa and helminths (Mehlhorn, 2001). For the vast majority of people living in developing nations, helminthiasis continues to pose a serious health danger (El-Badry et al, 2019). Anemia and weakness brought on by starvation are the main symptoms of worm infestation (Jones and Berkley, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthelmintic Activity of Artemisia monosperma Methanol Extracts against Eisenia fetida in vitro Study

Saleh,

Rewaida,

Afaf

et al. 2023

IJAR

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Background: The present investigation was designed to investigate the protective effect of a natural product to control Anthelmintic in earthworm Eisenia fetida. We investigated the effectiveness of dried Artemisia monosperma leaves as an anthelmintic. Methods: Five groups (50, 100, 200 and mg/mL) of the AMLE extract were utilized in this study. Negative and positive controls consisted of distilled water and mebendazole (10 mg/ml). Five worms that were around the same size were placed to each Petri plate along with the test solution (20 mL) of the extract. Artemisia monosperma leaves methanolic extract was prepared and evaluated its ability in vitro as anthelmintic activity against earthworms (Eisenia fetida). The ABTS, FRPA and DPPH techniques were used to calculate the antioxidant activity. Also, the phytochemical investigation of methanolic extract was performed on GC-MS equipment. Result: Fourteen different biomolecules are predicted using GC-MS spectrum. Also, the AMLE had a greater percentage value of ABTS, FRPA and DPPH radical inhibition (94.5±0.03 trolox/gFW, 0.8±0.005 µmol/ gFW and 92.6±0.3%) respectively. Moreover, IC50 of AMLE was obtained at 20.5±0.9 ìg/mL for the A549 and 24.3±0.9 ìg/mL for MCF-7 cell lines. In comparison to AMLE, Mebendazole (10 mg/mL) produced paralysis and earthworm death by 13.91±0.007 and 18.2±0.980 min, respectively, while, AMLE (200 mg/mL) showed 3.860±0.320 and 5.464±0.422 min, respectively. The treated worms’ surface architecture also had noticeable abnormalities, according to the histological study. The result of present study revealed that AMLE leaves can serve as a good natural source of potent antioxidants and anthelminthiasis medicines. Which promotes the conduct of numerous in vivo researches to discover an efficient treatment.

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Intestinal parasitism in pediatric oncology children receiving chemotherapy: unexpected low prevalence

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Cryptosporidium spp. during chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study of 94 patients with malignant solid tumor

Cryptosporidium spp. during chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study of 94 patients with malignant solid tumor

Global epidemiology of Giardia duodenalis infection in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Anthelmintic Activity of Artemisia monosperma Methanol Extracts against Eisenia fetida in vitro Study

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