Intestinal permeability testing using lactulose and rhamnose: a comparison between clinically normal cats and dogs and between dogs of different breeds

Randell, Susan; Hill, Richard; Scott, Karen C.; Omori, Mayuko; Burrows, Colin F.

doi:10.1053/rvsc.2001.0483

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Tests of intestinal permeability are based on urinary excretion of an orally administered test substance (probe) which reflects the non‐mediated diffusion of that probe across the intestinal epithelium. Traditional probes, such as lactulose and mannitol or rhamnose, have been extensively used to measure small intestinal permeability, in humans (Cooper et al., 1987; Anderson et al., 2004) and many animal species such as dogs (Garden et al., 1997; Randell et al., 2001; Weber et al., 2002). They are successful in doing this because they are not substrates for intestinal digestive or absorptive processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonic permeability is higher in Great Danes compared with smaller breed‐dogs

Hernot

Nery

Biourge

et al. 2009

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Fed the same dry diet, large dogs show poorer fecal quality than small ones. A high colonic permeability could explain a low water and electrolyte net balance leading to high fecal water content. This experiment was conducted to evaluate colonic permeability in dogs varying in body size and to determine whether colonic permeability is related to fecal sodium concentration and fecal quality. Four breeds of dogs were used: six Miniature Poodles (MP), six Standard Schnauzers (SS), six Giant Schnauzers (GS) and six Great Danes (GD). Colonic permeability was evaluated using the ratio of urinary lactulose to sucralose (L:S) after oral administration. Fecal sodium concentration was measured by flame photometry. The urinary L:S ratio was significantly lower in GD, indicating a higher colonic permeability, than in the three other breeds (0.35 ± 0.12 for GD and 0.51 ± 0.05 for MP). GD also presented the higher fecal sodium concentrations and the poorest fecal quality. The higher fecal sodium concentration observed in GD could be explained by the higher colonic permeability and both these variables could be important explanations for higher fecal moisture in large dogs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonic permeability is higher in Great Danes compared with smaller breed‐dogs

Hernot

Nery

Biourge

et al. 2009

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…7 The level of exercise also has an effect on intestinal permeability, with a lower permeability being found in racing greyhounds. 16 The urinary recovery of rhamnose and lactulose also varies between species. 4 Higher ratios of lactulose to rhamnose have been recorded in clinically healthy domestic cats than in domestic dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of a probiotic in captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)

Koeppel¹,

Bertschinger²,

Vuuren³

et al. 2006

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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Juvenile captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) often present with diarrhoea that is commonly associated with bacterial infections. A species-specific probiotic containing Lactobacillus Group 2 and Enterococcus faecium was prepared from healthy adult cheetahs. Juvenile cheetahs (n = 27) between 8 and 13 months of age were included in the probiotic trial. The animals were observed prior to and after feeding of the probiotic which was made available for 28 days. Feeding of the probiotic resulted in a significantly increased body weight in the treatment group (P = 0.026), while there was no increase in the control group. A relative improvement in the faecal quality in the probiotic group during the treatment period compared with the pre-treatment (P = 0.0363) and post-treatment (P = 0.004) period was observed. This was accompanied by an absence of blood and mucus in the faeces during the treatment period in the probiotic group

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“…The ratio of lactulose (L) to rhamnose (R) reflects the relative absorption occurring across the intestinal tight junction (transcellular transport) versus the intestinal surface area (paracellular absorption, which occurs across the cell membrane of the enterocyte). It was noted that marked differences in these ratios occur across breeds, with the L/R ratio being substantially greater in the Greyhound as compared to the Golden Retriever (84).…”

Section: Breed Differences In Gi Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacogenetic and Metabolic Differences Between Dog Breeds: Their Impact on Canine Medicine and the Use of the Dog as a Preclinical Animal Model

Fleischer

Sharkey

Mealey

et al. 2008

AAPS J

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Abstract. There is limited information describing species related pharmacogenetic differences in animals. Despite the lack of genetic information in veterinary medicine, breed specific responses to endogenous and exogenous substances have been reported across many species. This finding underscores the importance of obtaining insight into the genotypic and phenotypic variation present across breeds. This article provides a summary of the literature pertaining to canine breed differences in physiology, drug response, drug pharmacokinetics, and metabolic idiosyncrasies. The existing knowledge of pedigrees and the known phenotypes and genotypes of dogs provides important information for determining mode of inheritance, penetration, and other major characteristics of heritable traits. Understanding these breed differences will improve canine population predictions (for canine drug products) and may be of value when extrapolating toxicology data from dogs to humans.

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Intestinal permeability testing using lactulose and rhamnose: a comparison between clinically normal cats and dogs and between dogs of different breeds

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Colonic permeability is higher in Great Danes compared with smaller breed‐dogs

Colonic permeability is higher in Great Danes compared with smaller breed‐dogs

The use of a probiotic in captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)

Pharmacogenetic and Metabolic Differences Between Dog Breeds: Their Impact on Canine Medicine and the Use of the Dog as a Preclinical Animal Model

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