Intestinal stem cells and celiac disease

Piscaglia, A.C.

doi:10.4252/wjsc.v6.i2.213

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 149 publications

(187 reference statements)

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“…Our aim was to identify the underlying elementary differences. This is of special interest since crypt stem cells are the origin of up to 300 cells the day, which differentiate along their apical migration to villus tip, where they are replaced every 3-5 days [19][20][21] . Interestingly, we detected genes involved in regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) that were expressed very differentially, with www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ high expression in organoids from healthy controls compared to only marginal levels in organoids from patients with CD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal ex vivo organoid culture reveals altered programmed crypt stem cells in patients with celiac disease

Dieterich

Neurath

Zopf

2020

Sci Rep

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the ex vivo generation of gastrointestinal organoids from crypt stem cells opens up the possibility of new research approaches investigating gastrointestinal diseases. We used this technology to study differences between healthy controls and patients with celiac disease (CD). We noticed distinct dissimilarities in the phenotypes of organoids between our study groups and found considerable variations in their gene expression. Extracellular matrix genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition are expressed most differently. In addition, we demonstrated epigenetic modifications that might be responsible for the different organoid gene expression thus accounting for a deranged crypt/villus axis development in CD. The organoids have proven valuable to demonstrate fundamental differences in duodenal derived organoids between healthy controls and patients with CD and thus are a suitable tool to gain new insights in pathogenesis of CD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal ex vivo organoid culture reveals altered programmed crypt stem cells in patients with celiac disease

Dieterich

Neurath

Zopf

2020

Sci Rep

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“…In 1974, two distinct theories were formulated regarding the identity and location of the ISC: the “+4 position model”, postulating that ISC correspond to slowly cycling label retaining cells (LRC) in +4 position within the crypt; and the “stem cell zone model”, that identified the ISC with small and rapidly proliferating crypt base columnar cells (CBC) [ 8 ]. Since the 1970s, several experimental models have supported the concept of ISC; such studies have led to the hypothesis of an ISC hierarchy, organized in two main compartments (quiescent LRC and actively cycling CBC), progressively recruited as a result of various degrees of damage, in order to ensure an effective crypt regeneration [ 9 – 11 ]. Among the candidate markers for ISC, CD133 and Lgr5 are particularly promising.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A better knowledge of ISC function and dysregulation in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases might help to understand the pathophysiology of such disorders and might also offer new insights into the development of stem cell-based therapies [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating hematopoietic stem cells and putative intestinal stem cells in coeliac disease

et al. 2015

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BackgroundThe intestinal stem cells (ISC) modulation and the role of circulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in coeliac disease (CD) are poorly understood. Our aim was to investigate the longitudinal modifications in peripheral blood HSC traffic and putative ISC density induced by gluten-free diet (GFD) in CD.MethodsThirty-one CD patients and 7 controls were enrolled. Circulating CD133+ and CD34+ HSC were measured by flow cytometry, at enrolment and after 7 days and 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months of GFD. Endoscopy was performed at diagnosis and repeated at 6, 12, and 24 months following GFD. We used the Marsh-Oberhuber score to evaluate the histological severity of duodenal damage; immunohistochemistry was employed to measure the intraepithelial lymphoid infiltrate (IEL, CD3+ lymphoid cells) and the putative ISC compartment (CD133+ and Lgr5+ epithelial cells).ResultsAt enrolment, circulating HSCs were significantly increased in CD patients and they further augmented during the first week of GFD, but progressively decreased afterwards. CD patients presented with villous atrophy, abundant IEL and rare ISC residing at the crypt base. Upon GFD, IEL progressively decreased, while ISC density increased, peaking at 12 months. After 24 months of GFD, all patients were asymptomatic and their duodenal mucosa was macroscopically and histologically normal.ConclusionsIn active CD patients, the ISC niche is depleted and there is an increased traffic of circulating HSC versus non-coeliac subjects. GFD induces a precocious mobilization of circulating HSC, which is followed by the expansion of the local ISC compartment, leading to mucosal healing and clinical remission.

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“…The present study aimed to compare the dental findings of patients with celiac disease with healthy counterparts. Celiac disease is an immunological disorder emanating from sensitivity of the intestinal mucosa to gluten or prolamine, and thus affects primarily the intestinal tissue [7] in genetically predisposed people [8] . Patients affected by celiac disease have a broad range of clinical manifestations due to autoantibody response which is triggered by exposing the intestinal tissue to gluten [9] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of dental findings of children with celiac disease in Libya: a comparative study

Herwis

Elturki

Ali

2014

CRCP

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Background and objectives: Celiac disease is a disease affecting the digestive system whereby the patient is unable to tolerate gluten-containing food. The aims of this study were to study the prevalence of dental defects and oral hygiene status of a group of celiac disease patients in Benghazi. Materials and methods: A group of celiac disease patients (n = 40 & Male: Female ratio is 1: 2.4 & age range 3-19 years, mean 10 years, SD ± 4.8) were recruited from Benghazi Pediatric Hospital where they had already been diagnosed in gastroenterology units at private clinics. The patient's dental status was assessed through measuring their Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index (DMFT), oral hygiene index (OHI) and CPITN using disposable mouth mirrors, explorers and periodontal probes. Descriptive statistics was applied to give a picture about the oral hard and soft tissue prevalence this group of patients. Results: Descriptive statistics of the celiac sample showed that 29 (72.5%) had enamel hypoplastic defects. The mean and SD values for DMFT, CPITN and OHI were measured (DMFT: 4.5 SD ± 4.7 & CPITN: 0.8 SD ± 0.5; and OHI: 1.1 SD ± 0.7). Besides, only two patients (6.4%) reported a history of oral ulceration during the course of their therapy. Healthy controls showed comparative values, being less in only OHI, while they were slightly more in DMFT and CPITN. Conclusion: This is a cross-sectional clinical survey showing that patients with celiac disorder should be expected to have higher prevalence of defective incisor teeth, which makes their front teeth liable to traumatic fracture. The presence of frequent soft tissue ulcers in their mouths might indicate a warning sign of the possibility to develop the disease and thus urge the child's parents or guardians to consult a physician to confirm or negate the suspicion.

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Intestinal stem cells and celiac disease

Abstract: Stem cells (SCs) are the key to tissue genesis and regeneration. Given their central role in homeostasis, dysfunctions of the SC compartment play a pivotal role in the development of cancers, degenerative disorders, chronic inflammatory pathologies and organ failure.

Cited by 20 publications

References 149 publications

Intestinal ex vivo organoid culture reveals altered programmed crypt stem cells in patients with celiac disease

Intestinal ex vivo organoid culture reveals altered programmed crypt stem cells in patients with celiac disease

Circulating hematopoietic stem cells and putative intestinal stem cells in coeliac disease

Prevalence of dental findings of children with celiac disease in Libya: a comparative study

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