Intimate communications within the tumor microenvironment: stromal factors function as an orchestra

Cheng, Bing; Yu, Qiang; Wang, Wenyu

doi:10.1186/s12929-022-00894-z

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…Previous studies [ 12 , 13 , 14 ] reported that the survival rate could be independently evaluated by the frequency of various tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients bearing a solid malignant tumor as well as a hematologic tumor. We explored the underlying connection between the five candidate genes and their characteristic immune infiltration in a tumor-immune microenvironment via the TIMER and EPIC databases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying ITGB2 as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer

Deng

Cao

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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Epithelial ovarian cancer is by far the most lethal gynecological malignancy. The exploration of promising immunomarkers to predict prognosis in ovarian cancer patients remains challenging. In our research, we carried out an integrated bioinformatic analysis of genome expressions and their immune characteristics in the ovarian cancer microenvironment with validation in different experiments. We filtrated 332 differentially expressed genes with 10 upregulated hub genes from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. These genes were closely related to ovarian tumorigenesis. Subsequently, the survival and immune infiltration analysis demonstrated that the upregulation of five candidate genes, ITGB2, VEGFA, CLDN4, OCLN, and SPP1, were correlated with an unfavorable clinical outcome and increased immune cell infiltration in ovarian cancer. Of these genes, ITGB2 tended to be the gene most correlated with various immune cell infiltrations and had a strong correlation with significant M2 macrophages infiltration (r = 0.707, p = 4.71 × 10−39), while it had a moderate correlation with CD4+/CD8+ T cells and B cells. This characteristic explains why the high expression of ITGB2 was accompanied by immune activation but did not reverse carcinogenesis. Additionally, we confirmed that ITGB2 was over-expressed in ovarian cancer tissues and was mainly located in cytoplasm, detected by Western blotting and the immunohistochemical method. In summary, ITGB2 may serve as a prognostic immunomarker for ovarian cancer patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying ITGB2 as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer

Deng

Cao

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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“…Therefore, a schematic is drawn to elucidate their recent medicines and therapy mechanisms in OS, as shown in Figure 3. Medicines used to inhibit and suppress tumorigenesis, metastasis, immune evasion, and chemoresistance via communication mediums [102]. Targeted therapies can be developed to intensify the therapies and achieve higher cure rates by having a thorough understanding of the roles of genes in communication axes and signalling pathways [103].…”

Section: Recent Osteosarcoma Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Osteosarcoma Therapy and Tumorigenesis, Metastasis, Immune Evasion, and Chemoresistance

Zaidi¹,

Haque²,

Miskon³

2023

Preprint

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There has been no significant efficacy in treatment for osteosarcoma (OS) metastasis after nearly four decades of trials. This motivates us to elucidate OS therapies according to their four bidirectional mutation stages. To refresh the OS therapy status quo, the historical developments and clinical advancements are briefly described. However, the main issue of metastasis remains unresolved, accounting for 90% of pulmonary metastasis deaths. Thus, this metastasis problem is related to immune evasion and chemoresistance that are being induced after long-term treatment by the use of immunotherapy for tumorigenesis. Therefore, it is rationale to discuss the relationship cycles of mutation stages including tumorigenesis, metastasis, immune evasion, and chemoresistance. Even though many combinational and targeted therapies have been developed to intensify these mutation treatments, successful clinical translations with higher cure rates are still rare. Through this review, an in-depth understanding of the bidirectional relationship between the four OS mutation stages and their respective therapies is provided. Herein, we summarise the medicines used to treat tumorigenesis, including COLGALT2 inhibitors, Tra2B, and AGAP1, miR-148a and miR-21-5p EVs, and the lncRNA LIFR-AS1. Following the medicines used to treat metastasis are AXL, miR-135a-5p, mRNA BCL6, TGFβ1, Tim-3, SOCS5, CASC15, KLF3-AS1, PDCD4, ATG5, and Rab22a-NeoF1. Then the medicines used to treat immune evasion are N-cadherin, anti-IL-9, USP12 inhibitor, IgG-4+ B-cells, LAP inhibitor, anti-Wnt2 mAb, anti-αvβ8 integrin, HK2-mediated IκBα, IDO inhibitor with NO, and TGF-βRII with anti-IgG1. Finally, the medicines used to treat chemoresistance are DHFR, FPGS, HSP-90AA1, XCT-790, ATKI, and IGF1. As a result, this contribution is expected to serve as a reference and guide for scientists and clinicians.

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“…Associated with local or distant cells, tumor cells interact with the local or distant microenvironment, contributing to secondary malignant growth. Alterations in the tumor microenvironment play a vital role in the progression of malignant tumors, among which imbalance in the composition of immune cells, changes in the phenotype of fibroblasts and alterations in endothelial cells are characteristic of malignant lesions ( 19 – 21 ). Recently, there was an upward trend in the amount of studies, which have shown that never can people ignore the significance of exosomes to tumorigenesis, progression, associated immune responses, chemotherapy resistance and metastasis ( 22 , 23 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk between colorectal cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment mediated by exosomal noncoding RNAs

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system, and its morbidity rates are increasing worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as part of the tumor microenvironment (TME), are not only closely linked to normal fibroblasts, but also can secrete a variety of substances (including exosomes) to participate in the regulation of the TME. Exosomes can play a key role in intercellular communication by delivering intracellular signaling substances (e.g., proteins, nucleic acids, non-coding RNAs), and an increasing number of studies have shown that non-coding RNAs of exosomal origin from CAFs are not only closely associated with the formation of the CRC microenvironment, but also increase the ability of CRC to grow in metastasis, mediate tumor immunosuppression, and are involved in the mechanism of drug resistance in CRC patients receiving. It is also involved in the mechanism of drug resistance after radiotherapy in CRC patients. In this paper, we review the current status and progress of research on CAFs-derived exosomal non-coding RNAs in CRC.

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Intimate communications within the tumor microenvironment: stromal factors function as an orchestra

Cited by 22 publications

References 136 publications

Identifying ITGB2 as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer

Identifying ITGB2 as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer

Relationship between Osteosarcoma Therapy and Tumorigenesis, Metastasis, Immune Evasion, and Chemoresistance

Crosstalk between colorectal cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment mediated by exosomal noncoding RNAs

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