Intimate gut interactions: helminths and the microbiota

Harris, Nicola L.

doi:10.1038/cr.2016.72

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Fungi are another component of the intestinal microbiota, whose abundance is directly influenced by bacterial interactions [ 29 ]. Finally, more complex organisms, such as protozoans and even helminths, might provide substantial interactions with the gut microbiota and host homeostasis [ 30 , 31 ]. As bacteria are the major group of microorganisms residing in the intestine, this domain will be the subject of study when referring to the gut microbiota.…”

Section: The Human Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease

et al. 2021

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The most prevalent diseases of our time, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer) are rising worldwide. All of them share the condition of an “inflammatory disorder”, with impaired immune functions frequently caused or accompanied by alterations in gut microbiota. These multifactorial maladies also have in common malnutrition related to physiopathology. In this context, diet is the greatest modulator of immune system–microbiota crosstalk, and much interest, and new challenges, are arising in the area of precision nutrition as a way towards treatment and prevention. It is a fact that the westernized diet (WD) is partly responsible for the increased prevalence of NCDs, negatively affecting both gut microbiota and the immune system. Conversely, other nutritional approaches, such as Mediterranean diet (MD), positively influence immune system and gut microbiota, and is proposed not only as a potential tool in the clinical management of different disease conditions, but also for prevention and health promotion globally. Thus, the purpose of this review is to determine the regulatory role of nutritional components of WD and MD in the gut microbiota and immune system interplay, in order to understand, and create awareness of, the influence of diet over both key components.

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Section: The Human Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease

et al. 2021

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“…Conversely, the microbiota can alter a parasite's colonization success, replication, and virulence, shifting it along the parasitismmutualism spectrum [14,16,17]. (ii) Initiating locally intestinal restricted inflammation [19,20] Helminth parasites are the classic perverters of Th2 responses. Immunologically, the Th2polarized T cell response driven by helminth infection has been linked to the attenuation of some damaging Th1 driven inflammatory feedback, definitely blocking several Th1-mediated autoimmune conditions in the host, including experimentally induced colitis [21].…”

Section: Fig 1 the Vicious Cycle Of Stuntingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Intestinal Parasitic Infection in Stunting

Siagian¹

2023

SAJRM

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Aim: To review recent findings in the context of the relation between intestinal parasitic infection (IPI) induce the host’s chronic immune activation and systemic inflammation that contributes to stunting. Discussion: To some extent, based on the parasite species (with the account of the condition of co-infections), combined with its timing (when was the initial infection took place), the duration of the disease, its intensity, and also must be considered the patho-physiology effects, can cause serious effect to their host. Prolonged IPI contributes to the formation of stunting. Active IPI can cause direct dysregulation of growth factors which are important for prenatal and postnatal growth. Furthermore, IPI opens the door for the entry of secondary infections, bacterial and viral, and allowed them to established definite co-infection which can cause prolonged inflammation, locally and systematically. Several potential interrelated mechanistic routes also could be connected through the host’s imbalanced nutritional status, possible environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) due to persistent IPI and prolonged inflammation, hormonal derangement and perhaps also due to metabolic disturbances, immune dynamics, the consequences of definite anaemia, changed microbiota composition, and also changes in epigenetic signature. Conclusion: Persistent and prolonged IPI induced both chronic immune activation and systemic inflammation that contributes to the formation of stunting, directly and indirectly.

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“…Fungi, viruses, and parasites also influence gut homeostasis. Interestingly, certain parasites have a beneficial effect on the host immune response, and therefore on colitis ( Harris, 2016 ; Pickard et al, 2017 ). However, this effect needs to be explored further to provide more compelling evidence on the roles of primary and secondary metabolites in the patho-physiological course of IBD ( Segal et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: The Pathology Of Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (Danshen) for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Clinical Evidence and Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy for Developing Supplementary Medical Application

et al. 2022

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a non-specific colorectal disease caused by multifaceted triggers. Although conventional treatments are effective in the management of IBD, high cost and frequent side effects limit their applications and have turned sufferers toward alternative and complementary approaches. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge (Danshen) is an herbal medicine that reportedly alleviates the symptoms of IBD. A large body of research, including clinical trials in which Danshen-based products or botanical compounds were used, has unmasked its multiple mechanisms of action, but no review has focused on its efficacy as a treatment for IBD. Here, we discussed triggers of IBD, collected relevant clinical trials and analyzed experimental reports, in which bioactive compounds of Danshen attenuated rodent colitis in the management of intestinal integrity, gut microflora, cell death, immune conditions, cytokines, and free radicals. A network pharmacology approach was applied to describe sophisticated mechanisms in a holistic view. The safety of Danshen was also discussed. This review of evidence will help to better understand the potential benefits of Danshen for IBD treatment and provide insights for the development of innovative applications of Danshen.

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Intimate gut interactions: helminths and the microbiota

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease

Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease

Role of Intestinal Parasitic Infection in Stunting

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (Danshen) for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Clinical Evidence and Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy for Developing Supplementary Medical Application

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