Intimate Partner Abuse Among Women Diagnosed With Depression

Dienemann, Jacqueline; Boyle, Ellsworth; Baker, Deborah; Resnick, Wendy; Wiederhorn, Nancy; Campbell, Jacquelyn C.

doi:10.1080/01612840050044258

Cited by 141 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…[28][29][30][31][32][34][35][36][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] Significantly higher percentages of women who were HIV-positive, had experienced IPV in the past year, and had used hard drugs in the past 30 days exhibited higher depressive symptoms, without adjusting for sociodemographic factors. However, when adjusting for the other SAVA factors, sociodemographic factors, social support and alcohol abuse, only the experience of IPV in the past year and drug use in the past 30 days remained significant, as did reporting low social support.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24][25][26] Women who experience violence in their intimate relationships are at much higher risk of experiencing depressive symptoms. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Living with HIV has also been associated with increased depression; studies show that HIV-positive women experience higher rates of depressive symptoms compared to their sociodemographically comparable HIV-negative counterparts. 9,32 Finally, associations between depressive symptoms and substance use have been documented; the rate of depression among women abusing illegal substances was found to be significantly higher than that of nonsubstance abusing women and the general population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Syndemic Effects of Intimate Partner Violence, HIV/AIDS, and Substance Abuse on Depression among Low-Income Urban Women

et al. 2013

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Intimate partner violence (IPV), HIV/AIDS, and substance use are epidemics among low-income urban women that have been described together as the "SAVA syndemic" because of their co-occurring nature. This study examines the synergistic or "syndemic" effect of these three health issues on depression among urban women and evaluates social support as a protective factor that might reduce depressive symptoms associated with the Substance Abuse, Violence, and AIDS (SAVA) syndemic. Data from 445 urban women were collected through in-person interviews. All women were over the age of 18, not pregnant, English speaking, and reported having a main partner in the past year. Twenty-five percent had experienced all three factors of the SAVA syndemic (were HIV-positive, had experienced IPV in the past year, and had used cocaine or heroin in their lifetime). HIV-positive status, hard drug use, IPV, and low levels of social support were all individually associated with greater depressive symptoms. When controlling for demographics and other SAVA factors, IPV and hard drug use in the past 30 days remained associated with depressive symptoms, as did low social support. However, social support did not modify the effect of the SAVA factors on depression. Compared to women who experienced no SAVA factors, women who had experienced all three factors were 6.77 times more likely to have depressive symptoms. These findings confirm that IPV is significantly associated with depressive symptoms and that the syndemic impact of IPV, substance use, and HIV could have even more extreme effects on depression outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Syndemic Effects of Intimate Partner Violence, HIV/AIDS, and Substance Abuse on Depression among Low-Income Urban Women

et al. 2013

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“…[1][2][3] Studies show that intimate partner violence or abuse (IPV) affects the physical and mental health of victims [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and of children who witness it. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Because IPV is commonplace and the consequences of IPV are serious, professional organizations recommend that physicians routinely screen the woman alone without her spouse or children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Management of Intimate Partner Violence Considering the Stages of Change: Precontemplation and Contemplation

Zink

Elder

Jacobson

et al. 2004

The Annals of Family Medicine

130

114

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BACKGROUND We undertook a study to understand how women who are victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) want physicians to manage these abusive relationships in the primary care offi ce.METHODS Thirty-two mothers in IPV shelters or support groups in southwestern Ohio were interviewed to explore their abuse experiences and health care encounters retrospectively. The interviews were taped and transcribed. Using thematic analysis techniques, transcripts were read for indications of the stages of change and for participants' desires concerning appropriate physician management.RESULTS Participants believed that physicians should screen women for IPV both on a routine basis and when symptoms indicating possible abuse are present, even if the victim does not disclose the abuse. Screening is an important tool to capture those women early in the process of victimization. When a victim does not recognize her relationship as abusive, participants recommended that physicians raise the issue by asking, but they also warned that doing more may alienate the victim. Participants also encouraged physicians to explore clues that victims might give about the abuse. In later contemplation, victims are willing to disclose the abuse and are exploring options. Physicians were encouraged to affi rm the abuse, know local resources for IPV victims, make appropriate referrals, educate victims about how the abuse affects their health, and document the abuse. Participants identifi ed a variety of internal and external factors that had affected their processes. CONCLUSIONSIn hindsight, IPV victims recommended desired actions from physicians that could help them during early stages of coming to terms with their abusive relationships. Stage-matched interventions may help physicians manage IPV more effectively and avoid overloading the victim with information for which she is not ready. BACKGROUNDI n the primary care offi ce, 11% to 22% of women are currently experiencing physical abuse. [1][2][3] Studies show that intimate partner violence or abuse (IPV) affects the physical and mental health of victims [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and of children who witness it. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Because IPV is commonplace and the consequences of IPV are serious, professional organizations recommend that physicians routinely screen the woman alone without her spouse or children. [19][20][21][22][23] The value of screening for IPV when effectiveness has not been proved remains subject to controversy. 24,25 Rhodes and Levinson 26 remind us, however, that physicians will continue to see both men and women who are abused and that the recognition of abuse may infl uence the evaluation of the patient' s complaints as well as the outcomes of care.Studies show that physicians are not screening. [27][28][29] The reported barriers One barrier not mentioned in the literature is that children are often with their mothers in the offi ce. Sometimes children accompany their mothers to her medical appointments (8%), and often mothers bring children to ...

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“…12,13 Another condition that has been correlated with IPV, and shown to impact child health, is parental depression, which may impede healthy attachment. 7,14 Exposure to parental depression independent of IPV puts children at greater risk for decreased cognitive ability and increased behavioral problems. 15,16 Exposure to parental depression concurrent with IPV has been associated with poor school functioning 17 and behavioral problems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Exposure to Parental Violence and Psychological Distress Associated With Delayed Milestones

et al. 2013

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: It has previously been shown that exposure to intimate partner violence and/or parental depression or anxiety may increase a child' s risk for specific adverse health outcomes.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: By using a large pediatric primary care sample, this study examined associations of child exposure to intimate partner violence and parental psychological distress with developmental milestone attainment by analyzing their combined and separate effects while adjusting for other family factors.abstract OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between parental report of intimate partner violence (IPV) and parental psychological distress (PPD) with child attainment of developmental milestones.METHODS: By using data collected from a large cohort of primary care patients, this cross-sectional study examined the relationship between parental report of IPV and/or PPD and the attainment of developmental milestones within the first 72 months of a child' s life. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to adjust for parental report of child abuse concern and sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS:Our study population included 16 595 subjects. Children of parents reporting both IPV and PPD (n = 88; 0.5%) were more likely to fail at least 1 milestone across the following developmental domains: language (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-3.3), personal-social (aOR 1.9; 95% CI 1.2-2.9), and gross motor (aOR 3.0; 95% CI 1.8-5.0). Significant associations for those reporting IPV-only (n = 331; 2.0%) were found for language (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1-1.9), personal-social (aOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.4-2.2), and fine motor-adaptive (aOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.0-2.7). Significant associations for those reporting PPD-only (n = 1920; 11.6%) were found for: language (aOR 1.5; 95% CI 1.3-1.7), personal-social (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.5-1.8), gross motor (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4-1.8), and fine-motor adaptive (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.3-2.0). CONCLUSIONS:Screening children for IPV and PPD helps identify those at risk for poor developmental outcomes who may benefit from early intervention.

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Intimate Partner Abuse Among Women Diagnosed With Depression

Cited by 141 publications

References 29 publications

The Syndemic Effects of Intimate Partner Violence, HIV/AIDS, and Substance Abuse on Depression among Low-Income Urban Women

The Syndemic Effects of Intimate Partner Violence, HIV/AIDS, and Substance Abuse on Depression among Low-Income Urban Women

Medical Management of Intimate Partner Violence Considering the Stages of Change: Precontemplation and Contemplation

Child Exposure to Parental Violence and Psychological Distress Associated With Delayed Milestones

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