Intimate partner violence among HIV positive pregnant women in South Africa

Matseke, Gladys; Rodriguez, Violeta J.; Peltzer, Karl; Rodriguez, Violeta J.

doi:10.1080/14330237.2016.1185912

Cited by 31 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This is consistent with findings of previous studies that intimate partner violence is commonly perpetrated against WLWH [75–77]. In a study in South Africa, WLWH who conceived without discussing their pregnancy intentions with their partners experienced more violence from their partners than WLWH who did discuss their pregnancy intentions [78].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Psychosocial challenges facing women living with HIV during the perinatal period in rural Uganda

et al. 2017

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The complexities of navigating pregnancy while living with HIV predispose women to additional stress. Finding ways to minimize psychosocial challenges during the perinatal period may maximize the well-being of mothers living with HIV and their children. The goal of this study was to explore psychosocial challenges experienced by women living with HIV (WLWH) during pregnancy and the postpartum.We conducted individual in-depth interviews with 20 WLWH recruited from an HIV treatment cohort study in Mbarara, Uganda as part of a larger study exploring perinatal depression. We conducted content analyses to identify themes related to challenges of WLWH during pregnancy and the postpartum. Participants had a median age of 33 years [IQR: 28–35], a median of 3 living children [IQR: 2–5], and 95% had achieved HIV-RNA suppression. Challenges were organized around the following themes: HIV -related stigma from health professionals, HIV status disclosure dilemma, unintended pregnancy and intimate partner violence, HIV and environmental structural barriers and distress and fear related to maternal and child health. Stigma centered on discrimination by health care professionals and personal shame associated with being pregnant as a WLWH. This led to difficulty engaging in HIV care, particularly when coupled with structural barriers, such as lack of transportation to clinic. Participants experienced intimate partner violence and lacked support from their partners and family members. Distress and fear about the health and uncertainty about the future of the unborn baby due to maternal deteriorating physical health was common. The perinatal period is a time of stress for WLWH. Challenges experienced by WLWH may compromise successful engagement in HIV care and may reduce quality of life for women and their children. Strategies aimed at alleviating the challenges of WLWH should involve the larger structural environment including partners, family and community member as well as policy makers, funders and program implementers to work together for the common cause. These consolidated efforts may not only lower the risk of psychological distress but has potential to create long lasting solutions to benefit the wider community.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Psychosocial challenges facing women living with HIV during the perinatal period in rural Uganda

et al. 2017

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“…Experiencing HIV-related stigma is not uncommon for MSM living with HIV/AIDS [22,23], and may play a role in IPV. Among pregnant women living with HIV in South Africa, for example, greater HIV-related stigma was associated with greater combined physical and psychological IPV [24], and women living with HIV reporting high HIVrelated stigma reported more frequent physical IPV, social isolation and helplessness [25]. Despite the large number of MSM in China, little is known about the IPV experience among those living with HIV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between stigma towards HIV and MSM and intimate partner violence among newly HIV-diagnosed Chinese men who have sex with men

et al. 2020

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Background: HIV-and MSM-related stigma are well documented as common for Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV, yet there is sparse literature on intimate partner violence (IPV) and its relationship with stigma in this vulnerable population. To evaluate the association between HIV-stigma and stigma related to homosexuality and IPV among newly HIV-diagnosed MSM in China. Methods: Data were collected in the baseline survey among newly HIV-diagnosed Chinese MSM in a randomized clinical trial via face-to-face interviews. Univariate logistic and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between IPV and HIV-and MSM-related stigma. Results: Of 367 newly HIV-diagnosed Chinese MSM, 23.7% experienced any IPV, including 16.6% physical, 7.4% psychological and 5.2% sexual IPV. Positive associations were found between HIV-and MSM-related stigma and IPV. Men with high HIV-related stigma (score ≥ 27) were 1.67 times as likely to experience any IPV as those with low stigma (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-2.76). Men with high MSM-related stigma (score ≥ 6) were 1.99 times as likely to experience any IPV as those with low stigma (AOR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.18-3.36). Conclusions: HIV-and MSM-related stigmas was positively associated with IPV experiences among newly diagnosed MSM in China. The manner in which stigma may exacerbate IPV, and/or the influence of IPV on worsening stigma should be further evaluated. The high prevalence of IPV and stigma in this population suggests that interventions should be taken to reduce stigma and prevent this risky behavior among MSM.

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“…1,2 A WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence against women found the prevalence of violence during pregnancy to vary from 1 to 28%, with many in the range of 4-12%. [11][12][13][14][15] These include injuries, impairment, postpartum depression, miscarriage, unsafe abortion, low birthweight, pre-term delivery, caesarean sections, and sexually transmitted infections. 4 Various population and facility-based studies in India have found a rate of violence against pregnant women of between 13 and 49%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Several studies in high-and low/middle-income countries have reported adverse health outcomes of VDP. [11][12][13][14][15] These include injuries, impairment, postpartum depression, miscarriage, unsafe abortion, low birthweight, pre-term delivery, caesarean sections, and sexually transmitted infections. The limiting impact of violence on antenatal care seeking by women has been well documented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a counselling intervention implemented in antenatal setting for pregnant women facing domestic violence: a pre‐experimental study

Arora

Deosthali

Rege

2019

BJOG

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Objective To assess the effectiveness of a counselling intervention in antenatal care settings for pregnant women who report domestic violence.Design Pre-experimental study with pretest-posttest design.Settings Two public hospitals in Mumbai, India.Sample In all, 2778 pregnant women accessing antenatal care (ANC) in the hospitals from February to November 2016 were approached for study participation; 2515 women consented. These women were screened by trained counsellors for domestic violence during pregnancy (domestic violence during pregnancy). Domestic violence during pregnancy was reported by 16.2% (408) of women. Of these, 155 women sought counselling services. Postintervention analyses were carried out with 142 women at 6 weeks post-delivery; 13 women were not contactable.Methods The 442 women who reported domestic violence during pregnancy were provided a minimum of two counselling sessions by trained counsellors during their ANC visits. A counselling intake form was used to collect pre-and post-intervention data.Main outcome measures Prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy, change in women's ability to cope, safety, and health.Results Prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy (16.1%) was comparable to those of common obstetric complications routinely screened for during ANC. In all, 60-65% women reported cognitive changes such as recognising impact of violence and need to speak out against it. In all, 50.7% women took action at the individual level to address domestic violence during pregnancy. This change was not statistically significant (P-value 0.193). Of the women studied, 35.9% adopted at least one safety measure, and 84% of the women reported better health status post-intervention.Conclusions Routine enquiry and counselling for domestic violence during pregnancy are effective in improving women's ability to cope, safety, and health.

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Intimate partner violence among HIV positive pregnant women in South Africa

Cited by 31 publications

References 32 publications

Psychosocial challenges facing women living with HIV during the perinatal period in rural Uganda

Psychosocial challenges facing women living with HIV during the perinatal period in rural Uganda

Association between stigma towards HIV and MSM and intimate partner violence among newly HIV-diagnosed Chinese men who have sex with men

Effectiveness of a counselling intervention implemented in antenatal setting for pregnant women facing domestic violence: a pre‐experimental study

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