Intimate partner violence and temporomandibular joint disorder

Abstract

Objective: To assess the relationship between Intimate partner violence (IPV) (a highly prevalent form of domestic abuse) with the subsequent development of Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). Methods: A retrospective open cohort study using a UK primary care database was undertaken. 18,547 women exposed to IPV were matched by age to 74,188 unexposed women. Defined through clinical codes the outcome of interest was TMD, and adjusted incidence rates (aIRR) were used to describe the relationship after considering covariates of interest. Results: 94 individuals in the exposed group were clinically coded with TMD during the study period translating to an incidence rate (IR) or 1.59 per 1,000 person years. This was in comparison to 342 outcomes in the unexposed group (IR 1.21 per 1,000 person years). The unadjusted IRR was 1.31 (95% CI 1.04-1.65; p<0.020) and after adjustment for important covariates increased to 1.45 (95% CI 1.14-1.84; p<0.002). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the development of TMD may be associated with exposure to IPV in women. Clinical significance In the first cohort to do so, we have identified a moderate association between Intimate partner violence exposure and subsequent development of TMD. This highlights an opportunity for screening of abuse in individuals presenting with TMD.

Self‐reported symptoms of temporomandibular pain and jaw dysfunction in adolescents are associated with exposure to violence

“…Exposure to IPV and experience of physical abuse has previously been associated with subsequent development of TMD among adults 30,32 . Our results show similar associations for adolescents as those who reported experience of IPV and bullying had significantly higher odds of being 3Q positive.…”

“…Previously, 89% of 15-19-year-olds reported being exposed to at least one form of childhood adversity, 29 and the trend in reports of violence is growing in Brazil. 30 Factors associated with this trend include age (15-19 years), female gender, less than 8 years of schooling, single and no disabilities. 31 Many adolescents in this population were raised when corporal punishment was legal to use in child-rearing.…”

“…Emotional distress as a result of physical or sexual abuse has been associated with chronic pain and TMD. 30,32,33 This study queried lifetime experience; hence, we cannot say when the ---trend line 0 = no exposure to violence 1 = exposed to one type of violence 2 = exposed to two types of violence 3 = exposed to three types of violence 4 = exposed to four types of violence assault happened. Prospective longitudinal studies, however, show that women with experience of sexual abuse have both short-and long-term somatic symptoms, which contribute to their suffering during the post-assault period.…”

Exploration of trends in the incidence and prevalence of childhood maltreatment and domestic abuse recording in UK primary care: a retrospective cohort study using ‘the health improvement network’ database

“…The negative downstream social, psychological and physical health effects of childhood maltreatment and domestic abuse bear a substantial societal cost. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Therefore, a public health approach is urgently needed to prevent both the occurrence of childhood maltreatment and domestic abuse as well strengths and limitations of this study ► Primary care data encompass a vast proportion of society, and as current guidance is to ensure identification of domestic abuse and childhood maltreatment by general practitioners, studying the epidemiology within this dataset is important. ► Despite the vast cohort size, our results demonstrate substantial under-recording of childhood maltreatment and domestic abuse.…”

Addressing the Needs of Abused Chinese Women Through a Community‐Based Participatory Approach

“…IPV against women is a worldwide public health problem, as reported by the World Health Organization (Garcia‐Moreno, Jansen, Ellsberg, Heise, & Watts, 2006; Krug, Dahlberg, Mercy, Zwi & Lozano, 2002). Numerous studies have been conducted reporting that IPV exposure is associated with acute and chronic health‐related problems such as bone fractures (Chandan, Thomas, Bradbury‐Jones, Taylor, et al, 2019; Iverson, Dardis, Grillo, Galovski, & Pogoda, 2019; Li et al, 2014), headaches, bodily pains, and poor quality of life (Campbell, 2002; Iverson et al, 2019; Kelly, 2010; Tiwari, Fong, Chan, & Ho, 2013). Beyond physical negative consequences, the impact of IPV on mental health is serious and longer lasting.…”