Intolerant contact lens wearers exhibit ocular surface impairment despite 3 months wear discontinuation

Giannaccare, Giuseppe; Blalock, William L.; Fresina, Michela; Vagge, Aldo; Versura, Piera

doi:10.1007/s00417-016-3400-4

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…23,36 This issue as it relates to contact lens dropout has been specifically analyzed by Giannaccare et al (2016) via a retrospective analysis (n = 87). 37 The authors found that compared to controls, subjects who had discontinued contact lens wear had lower/worse tear break up time and Schirmer test values, and higher/worse ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and corneal staining scores. These results suggest that patients with signs of dry eye such as quick tear film evaporation, poor tear production, and corneal irritation may be more likely to drop out of contact lenses.…”

Section: Ocular Surface Factorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

<p>A Review of Contact Lens Dropout</p>

Pucker¹,

Tichenor

2020

OPTO

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Purpose: Contact lens (CL) dropout is likely a major factor contributing to the near stagnant growth in the CL market. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge related to the frequency of CL dropout and the factors associated with it. Methods: PubMed.gov was searched on or before March 22, 2020, with the terms "contact lens" with "dropout" or "cessation" or "disruption" or "discomfort". Pertinent articles were collected. The references from these articles were likewise searched to identify additional relevant articles. Only manuscripts written in English were included. No study design or date exclusions were imposed on this review. Results: This literature review found that CL dropout was frequent across developed countries, with a CL dropout frequency that ranged between 12.0% and 27.4% (pooled mean = 21.7%). The top cited reason for CL dropout in established CL wearers was discomfort, while vision was the top reason in neophyte CL wearers. If given the chance, CL dropouts are often able to successfully resume CL wear up to 74% of the time. While the literature is mixed with regard to factors promoting CL dropout, meibomian gland dysfunction appears to promote CL dropout. Conclusion: CL dropout is a frequently encountered condition that may be curtailed by early detection, patient education, alterative CL options, or early treatment of underlying ocular surface diseases such as meibomian gland dysfunction.

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Section: Ocular Surface Factorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

<p>A Review of Contact Lens Dropout</p>

Pucker¹,

Tichenor

2020

OPTO

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“…First reported in human serum and later in other body fluids, ZAG-2 represents an interesting protein that stimulates lipid breakdown in adipocytes, and which is highly expressed in cancer cachexia [52]. A reduction of ZAG-2 tear levels was documented in CL wearers [53], DED [27,54], fungal infections at an early stage [55][56][57], diabetic patients [58], and an increase in tears of smokers and patients with Grave's ophthalmopathy [59]. The function of ZAG-2 in tears and its possible role in lipid degradation has been postulated but not demonstrated [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Longitudinal Tear Protein Changes Correlate with Ocular Chronic GVHD Development in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients

et al. 2021

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Ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) is a manifestation of chronic GVHD, frequently occurring in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). We analyzed tear protein changes before and after allogeneic HSCT, and correlated their levels with the oGVHD development. This retrospective study included 102 patients, and data were recorded before the conditioning treatment, and after 3 to 6 months postoperatively. Tear protein analysis was performed with the Agilent-2100 Bioanalyzer on individual tears sampled by aspiration. Total protein (TP), Lysozyme-C (LYS-C), Lactoferrin (LACTO), Lipocalin-1 (LIPOC-1), Transferrin (TRANSF), Albumin (ALB), and Zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG-2) levels were retrieved and statistically analyzed. Following HSCT forty-three patients developed oGVHD. TP, LACTO, LYS-C, and ZAG-2 levels significantly decreased post-HSCT as compared to pre HSCT levels. In univariate analysis, TP, LACTO, and ZAG-2 decrease was associated with an increased development of oGVHD (OR = 4.49; 95% CI, 1.9 to 10.5; p < 0.001; OR = 3.08; 95% CI 1.3 to 7.6; p = 0.01; OR = 11.1; 95% CI 2.7 to 46.6; p < 0.001, respectively). TRANSF post-HSCT levels significantly increased (OR 15.7; 95% CI, 4.1 to 52.2; p = 0.0001). No pre-post-HSCT changes were shown in ALB and LIPOC-1 levels. Data suggest that TP content, LACTO, TRANSF, and ZAG-2 pre-post changes might be significant predictors of oGVHD development.

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“…Recently, substance P, a molecule involved in the transmission of pain has been shown to be higher in symptomatic contact lens wearers [439]. This finding is of particular interest, given reports of alterations to corneal and conjunctival sensitivity to mechanical and cold stimuli amongst dropouts from contact lens wear, compared to healthy matched controls [430], and in symptomatic versus asymptomatic habitual contact lens wearers [429], respectively. Increased tortuosity of nerve fibres in the central cornea is associated with higher ocular symptoms [440].…”

Section: Patient-related Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Reduced tear film stability in terms of shorter non-invasive [384,428] and invasive tear film breakup time (TBUT) [381,429], higher tear film evaporation rate and thinner lipid layer thickness [388] have been associated with discomfort in symptomatic contact lens wearers. Furthermore, reduced non-invasive pre-contact lens thinning time has been associated with symptoms [387], and dropouts from contact lens wear displayed shorter invasive TBUT 3 months after discontinuation compared to matched controls [430]. Conversely, other studies have shown no association between non-invasive TBUT, tear volume (phenol red thread test) and comfort in subjects fitted with SiHy contact lenses [407], or when comparing dropouts to successful contact lens wearers [431].…”

Section: Patient-related Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

BCLA CLEAR - Contact lens complications

Stapleton

Bakkar

Carnt

et al. 2021

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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Contact lens-related complications are common, affecting around one third of wearers, although most are mild and easily managed. Contact lenses have well-defined anatomical and physiological effects on the ocular surface and can result in other consequences due to the presence of a biologically active material. A contact lens interacts with the tear film, ocular surface, skin, endogenous and environmental microorganisms, components of care solutions and other antigens which may result in disease specific to contact lens wear, such as metabolic or hypersensitivity disorders. Contact lens wear may also modify the epidemiology or pathophysiology of recognised conditions, such as papillary conjunctivitis or microbial keratitis. Wearers may also present with intercurrent disease, meaning concomitant or pre-existing conditions unrelated to contact lens wear, such as allergic eye disease or blepharitis, which may complicate the diagnosis and management of contact lens-related disease.Complications can be grouped into corneal infection (microbial keratitis), corneal inflammation (sterile keratitis), metabolic conditions (epithelial: microcysts, vacuoles, bullae, tight lens syndrome, epithelial oedema; stromal: superficial and deep neovascularisation, stromal oedema [striae/folds], endothelial: blebs, polymegethism/ pleomorphism), mechanical (corneal abrasion, corneal erosion, lens binding, warpage/refractive error changes; superior epithelial arcuate lesion, mucin balls, conjunctival epithelial flaps, ptosis, discomfort), toxic and allergic disorders (papillary conjunctivitis, solution-induced corneal staining, incomplete neutralisation of peroxide, Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency), tear resurfacing disorders/dry eye (contact lens-induced dry eye, Meibomian gland dysfunction, lid wiper epitheliopathy, lid parallel conjunctival folds, inferior closure stain, 3 and 9 o'clock stain, dellen, dimple veil) or contact lens discomfort. This report summarises the best available evidence for the classification, epidemiology, pathophysiology, management and prevention of contact lensrelated complications in addition to presenting strategies for optimising contact lens wear.

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Intolerant contact lens wearers exhibit ocular surface impairment despite 3 months wear discontinuation

Abstract: Ocular surface parameters were altered in intolerant CL wearers, even after a prolonged discontinuation period. Our data suggest that OS recovery necessary to successfully refit lenses may need a discontinuation time longer than 3 months.

Cited by 19 publications

References 40 publications

<p>A Review of Contact Lens Dropout</p>

<p>A Review of Contact Lens Dropout</p>

Longitudinal Tear Protein Changes Correlate with Ocular Chronic GVHD Development in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients

BCLA CLEAR - Contact lens complications

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