INTOXICAÇÃO NATURAL DE BOVINOS LEITEIROS POR Cestrum laevigatum (SOLANACEAE) NO AGRESTE DE PERNAMBUCO – BRASIL

Coutinho, Luiz Teles; Costa, Nivaldo de Azevêdo; Mendonça, Carla Lopes de; Afonso, José Augusto Bastos; Riet-Carrea, Franklin; Dantas, Antônio Flávio Medeiros; Silva, Nivan Antônio Alves da

doi:10.5216/cab.v14i3.13476

Cited by 7 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…In the experimental poisoning, necrotic lesions extended to the midzonal region and often converged with other centrilobular areas, forming bridges. Similar findings were observed in cattle and sheep experimentally poisoned with C. laevigatum (COUTINHO et al, 2013;LUGT et al, 1992;PEIXOTO et al, 2000) and in cases of natural poisoning in buffalo (BARBOSA et al, 2010). Centrilobular necrosis is common, because this portion of the lobe receives less oxygenated blood and is therefore susceptible to hypoxia, and has a greater mixed-function enzymatic activity capable of converting primary compounds into toxic substances (CULLEN;BROWN, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

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Natural and experimental poisoning by Cestrum laevigatum (Solanaceae) among cattle in the Agreste region of Paraíba, Brazil

Neto

Riet-Correa

Barbosa

et al. 2017

SCA

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An outbreak of natural poisoning by Cestrum laevigatum was reported among cattle in the Agreste region of Paraíba, which affected six out of 20 animals. Four animals were found dead and two presented clinical signs, including, dyspnea, drooling, jugular vein engorgement, muscle tremors and ataxia, which subsequently progressed to recumbence and death. An experimental poisoning was performed in two bovines who were administered single doses of 35 g kg -1 and 50 g kg -1 body weight (BW), respectively, of fresh leaves and fruits. The animal that received 35 g kg -1 BW had mild clinical signs, consisting of apathy, salivation and reduced ruminal movements with recovery 30 hours after the onset of initial signs. The animal that received 50 g kg -1 BW showed apathy, dry stool, drooling, hyperexcitability, head pressing, opisthotonos, nystagmus, miosis, jugular and episcleral vessel engorgement, ruminal atony, muscle tremors, ataxia, falling, seizures, and sternal recumbence, followed by lateral recumbence, with death occurring 21 hours and 37 minutes after ingestion. The enzyme activities of aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase in the serum increased significantly 18 hours after the administration of the plant. The primary gross lesions in the natural and experimental cases were enlarged livers, with rounded edges and accentuation of the lobular pattern on the capsular and cut surfaces. Histopathology revealed diffuse centrilobular coagulative necrosis with hemorrhages and congestion, and the presence of degenerated hepatocytes in the midzonal regions. Based on the epidemiological and clinicopathological data, we concluded that C. laevigatum was responsible for an acute hepatotoxic disease among cattle in the Agreste region of Paraíba. dois apresentando sinais clínicos, com dispneia, hipersalivação, ingurgitamento das jugulares, tremores musculares e incoordenação, evoluindo para decúbito e morte, sendo posteriormente submetidos à necropsia. Foi realizada a intoxicação experimental em dois bovinos que receberam doses únicas, correspondente a 35g kg -1 e 50g kg -1 de peso corporal (PC) de folhas e frutos frescos. O bovino que recebeu 35g kg -1 PC apresentou alterações clínicas leves, que consistiam em apatia, salivação e redução dos movimentos ruminais com recuperação 30 horas após o início dos sinais. Já no bovino que recebeu 50g kg -1 PC observou-se apatia, ressecamento das fezes, hipersalivação, hiperexcitabilidade, pressão da cabeça contra objetos, opistótono, nistagmo, miose, ingurgitamento das jugulares e dos vasos episclerais, atonia ruminal, tremores musculares, quedas, incoordenação, convulsões e decúbito esternal, seguido de decúbito lateral com morte 21h e 37min após a administração da planta. As atividades séricas de aspartato aminotransferase e gama-glutamiltransferase começaram a apresentar alterações significativas 18 horas após a administração da planta. As principais alterações macroscópicas nos animais naturalmente e experimentalmente intoxicados foram observadas no fígado,...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…In the Northeastern region, there has only been one report of poisoning by this plant among the dairy cattle in the Agreste region of the State of Pernambuco (COUTINHO et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and experimental poisoning by Cestrum laevigatum (Solanaceae) among cattle in the Agreste region of Paraíba, Brazil

Neto

Riet-Correa

Barbosa

et al. 2017

SCA

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“…Sob condições naturais, a espécie mais frequentemente intoxicada é a bovina (Döbereiner et al 1969, Afonso & Santos 1995, Coutinho et al 2013, mas já foram relatados casos em bubalinos (Barbosa et al 2010), caprinos e ovinos (Tokarnia et al 2012). Apenas a intoxicação aguda foi observada nos casos espontâneos (Tokarnia et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Coutinho et al (2013) descreveram um surto de intoxicação natural na região Agreste de Pernambuco afetando oito bovinos leiteiros, dos quais quatro vieram a morte, com evolução de 12 a 48 horas após o início da sintomatologia clínica. Os sinais clínicos observados na intoxicação aguda são apatia, anorexia, parada ruminal, dorso arqueado, constipação com fezes em formas de pequenas esferas, por vezes recobertas com muco e com estrias de sangue, tremores musculares, andar cambaleante e, às vezes, sialorreia (Tokarnia et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Há hemorragias muito variáveis em quantidade e extensão, em diversos órgãos e tecidos, especialmente, no epi-e endocárdio, mas também tecido conjuntivo subcutâneo, intermuscular, peritraqueal, nas mucosas da vesícula biliar e do intestino delgado (Tokarnia et al 2012). Coutinho et al (2013) encontraram áreas hemorrágicas no coração, abomaso, baço, bexiga e intestino delgado e grosso. Em bubalinos, Marques (2010) observou fígado de cor alaranjada com aspecto de noz moscada, leve edema na parede da vesícula biliar, mucosa do abomaso levemente avermelhada e endocárdio do ventrículo esquerdo com equimoses extensas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Comparação dos efeitos das folhas de Cestrum axillare Vell. com as saponinas isoladas em caprinos

et al. 2018

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ABSTRACT.-Marinho J.B.R., Carvalho A.U., Pierezan F., Keller K.M., Riet-Correa F. Center-West regions and in coastal areas of the Northeast Brazil. Spontaneous poisoning was described in cattle, goats and sheep, with clinical signs evidenced within 24 hours after ingestion of the leaves and death within 48 hours after signs onset. The clinical signs observed in acute poisoning are apathy, anorexia, ruminal arrest, arched back, constipation with feces in small spheres, sometimes covered with mucus and blood streaks, muscle tremors, staggering gait and sometimes sialorrhoea. Neurological signs may be observed, due to interference in the urea cycle due to hepatic insufficiency resulting in hyperammonemia (hepatic encephalopathy). The main pathological finding is centrilobular hepatic necrosis. The toxic principle present in C. axillare was not yet definitively proven, but some authors attribute the toxicity of the plant to the presence of saponins gitogenin and digitogenin. However, it has not been determined whether the saponins present in C. axillare are responsible for the hepatotoxic effect of the plant. Thus, the objective of this work is to determine if the saponins are the compounds responsible for the hepatotoxic effects produced by the ingestion of the leaves of C axillare, using goats as experimental model. For this, the effects of the administration of the leaves were compared with those produced by the saponins isolated from the leaves in goats. Six goats were randomly assigned to three experimental groups that received [1] dry leaves of C. axillare (animals A1 and A2), [2] saponins extract from leaves (animals S1 and S2) or [3] control group (animals C1 and C2). For goats receiving the dry leaves the administered dose of plant was 10g/kg for one animal (A1) and 5g/kg for the other one (A2). For animals receiving the saponins extract, administration was done at a dose equivalent to 20g/kg repeated after 24 hours. The dry leaves administered at a dose of 10g/kg to a goat produced toxic effects, with alterations in biochemistry (indicating hepatic lesion) and histopathology showing centrilobular hepatic necrosis. At the dose of 5 g/kg of dry leaves, clinical signs of poisoning were not observed, but hepatic necrosis was found; after 15 days after the last administration, the hepatic parenchyma of this animal was already normal, with only hemorrhagic areas, demonstrating full regeneration. The administration of extracts of saponins containing gitogenin and digitogenin to goats did not produce significant toxic effects, proving that these compounds are not responsible for intoxication. In addition, goats are a good experimental model for studies of this intoxication.

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Poisonous plants for ruminants in the dairy region of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil

et al. 2021

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A survey carried out in the dairy region of Pernambuco was conducted to determine the most important poisonous plants for ruminants in the region. A total of 95 farmers from 19 municipalities were interviewed and the grazing areas of ruminants were inspected. According to the survey, the most important poisonous plants for ruminants were Manihot esculenta, Palicourea aeneofusca, Brachiaria decumbens, Indigofera suffruticosa, Ricinus communis and Cestrum axillare. Less reported classes of poisonous plants included nephrotoxic plants and plants that cause abortions or congenic malformations. Psychotria hoffmannseggiana, Psychotria colorata and Psychotria capitata were reported by farmers as the cause of sudden death in cattle. These plants should be better investigated to evaluate their importance as the cause of cattle deaths.

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INTOXICAÇÃO NATURAL DE BOVINOS LEITEIROS POR Cestrum laevigatum (SOLANACEAE) NO AGRESTE DE PERNAMBUCO – BRASIL

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Natural and experimental poisoning by Cestrum laevigatum (Solanaceae) among cattle in the Agreste region of Paraíba, Brazil

Natural and experimental poisoning by Cestrum laevigatum (Solanaceae) among cattle in the Agreste region of Paraíba, Brazil

Comparação dos efeitos das folhas de Cestrum axillare Vell. com as saponinas isoladas em caprinos

Poisonous plants for ruminants in the dairy region of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil

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