Intra-abdominal cystic lymphangioma of the mesocolon sigmoids: a rare entity in adult patient woman

Abstract

The lymphangioma is a benign neoplasm, mostly connate, it occurs more often in children. It is more frequently located in the head–neck region, as well as in the armpit, and less frequently in the abdomen. The diagnosis, as well as their appearance is variant, they can be asymptomatic depending on the size. The signs on the physical exam are usually nonspecific and can look like an acute abdomen. Imaging tests used are the ultrasound and tomography, which determine the therapeutic behavior. The differential diagnosis should be made with other intra-abdominal injuries, such as cavernous hemangioma, mesotheliomas, pancreatic and ovarian tumors and even peritoneal hydatid cyst. The definitive treatment is surgical in most cases, with complete excision of the mass. The definitive diagnosis is obtained with the histopathological study of the surgical piece.

A mesenteric cystic lymphangioma with no cysts’ radiological findings on X-ray in a 16-month-old boy

“…Hematological tests are not very helpful to ensure the diagnosis, but they are usually ordered to rule out malignant behavior of another etiology 8 , which we did in our case.…”

“…US also is used to detect the location, size, and division of the cyst, cyst fluid, and cyst wall, and they relation to surrounding tissues 8 , 9 as well as – as we mentioned before – to make an accurate diagnosis. In comparison to our case, the abdominal US image revealed that the small bowel is dilated about 24 mm with retrograde peristalsis and no ascites or free fluid in the peritoneal cavity.…”

Case report: A mesocolic lymphangioma in a 14-year-old child resected by laparoscopic surgery

“…presence of an extensive lymphatic system. Fewer than 5% of lymphangiomas originate in the abdominal cavity, with the most common site being the small bowel mesentery and there are only 22 detailed reports of mesocolic lymphangiomas in the English literature (3,5,6,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). A summary of the characteristics for all included reports is presented in Table 2 Our study reports a case of mesocolic lymphangioma in a 14-year-old child and conducts a literature review.…”

“…Lymphangiomas are rare benign lesions that can be categorized as capillaries, cavernous, or cystic based on histological characteristics ( 3 ). Lymphatic system obstruction during embryological development causes congenital lymphangiomas, although the precise cause remains unclear.…”

“…Cystic lymphangiomas (CLs) are uncommon, benign malformations of the lymphatic system ( 1 ), which primarily occur during childhood, more than 80% of cases appear before the age of two ( 2 ). Most are located in the head-neck region(75%), and axilla(20%), while rarely arise in the abdomen ( 3 ). Abdominal cystic lymphangiomas (ACLs) constitute less than 5% of all cystic lymphangiomas ( 4 ), with the most common location in the mesentery and retroperitoneum and exceptionally rare in the mesocolon ( 5 ).…”