Intra-Abdominal Dermatophytic Pseudomycetoma in a Persian Cat

Black, Sharon S.; Abernethy, Thomas E.; Tyler, John W.; Thomas, Michael W.; Garma-Aviña, Armando; Jensen, Henrik Elvang

doi:10.1892/0891-6640(2001)015<0245:idpiap>2.3.co;2

Cited by 12 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The prognosis for animals with mycetoma is grave in cases with dissemination of opportunistic fungi and guarded in local manifestations, with variable response to excision, amputation, and antifungal therapy 5,6,8 . Generally, actinomycetoma has a more favorable prognosis with appropriate antibiotic therapy 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In cats, Microsporum canis is the most commonly reported isolate, with M canis, M audouinii , and M ferrugineum identified in human cases of pseudomycetoma. Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T rubrum, T tonsurans , and T violaceum also have been cultured from human and animal pseudomycetomas, but at a much lower frequency 2,9 . Persian cats and possibly Yorkshire Terriers have a predisposition to pseudomycetoma development 2 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pathogenesis of the progression from cutaneous dermatophyte infection to pseudomycetoma is unclear. The high incidence of pseudomycetomas in Persian cats suggests a heritable predisposition (ie, immune deficiency) that may allow direct invasion of the dermal tissues by the organisms 4,9,11,15 . Inadvertent rupture of follicular structures or the release of dermatophytes directly into the deep dermis are other possible routes of deep dermal inoculation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dermal Mass Aspirate from a Persian Cat

Zimmerman

Feldman

Robertson

et al. 2003

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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A 1-year-old spayed female Persian cat with alopecia and weight loss had numerous variably ulcerated dermal nodules. Cytologic examination of an aspirate of one of the nodules revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation along with septate hyphae and basophilic round bodies, 0.5-1.0 microm in diameter, surrounded by a thin clear halo (arthrospores). The cytologic diagnosis was dermatophytic pseudomycetoma. Histologically, there were dermal granulomas containing poorly staining, septate hyphae with bulbous spores embedded within abundant amorphous eosinophilic material (Splendore-Hoeppli reaction), and the histologic diagnosis was pseudomycetoma-associated chronic multifocal severe granulomatous dermatitis with lymphocytic perifolliculitis and furunculosis. Microsporum canis was cultured from the lesion. Pseudomycetomas are distinguished from fungal mycetomas, or eumycotic mycetomas, by the findings of multiple lesions, lack of a history of skin trauma, an association with dermatophytes, most commonly Microsporum canis, and, histologically, lack of true cement material and a more abundant Splendore-Hoeppli reaction in pseudomycetomas. Additionally, pseudomycetomas differ from dermatophytosis, in which lesions are restricted to epidermal structures. Persian cats have a high incidence of pseudomycetoma formation, suggesting a heritable predisposition. The prognosis is fair with systemic antifungal therapy. When examining cytologic specimens from Persian cats with single or multiple dermal nodules, especially if pyogranulomatous inflammation is present, a diagnosis of pseudomycetoma should be suspected and is warranted if arthrospores and refractile septate hyphae are present.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dermal Mass Aspirate from a Persian Cat

Zimmerman

Feldman

Robertson

et al. 2003

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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“…Dermatophytic pseudomycetomas have been rarely reported in cats 6–13 . Persian cats seem to have a high predisposition for this condition and an inherited immune deficiency has been speculated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Persian cats seem to have a high predisposition for this condition and an inherited immune deficiency has been speculated. Pseudomycetoma masses are most commonly found in the dermis in the trunk region or tail base but an intraabdominal pseudomycetoma occurred in a Persian cat 11 . Dermatophytic pseudomycetomas are almost always caused by Microsporum or Trichophyton species, with the majority being caused by Microsporum species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Diagnosis—sublumbar Pseudomycetoma in a Persian Cat

Stanley

Fischetti

Jensen

2008

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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A 6-year-old Persian cat was examined for constipation, anorexia, and vomiting that was subsequently found to be due to a pseudomycetoma originating from the descending colon and sublumbar region, and causing mechanical obstruction of the colon and rectum. Multiple discrete hyperechoic foci likely representing fungal grains within the lesion gave the mass a coarse echotexture on ultrasound and was supportive of the diagnosis and computed tomography allowed delineation the extent of the mass. A pseudomycetoma is a granulomatous/pyogranulomatous reaction that surrounds dermatophytic fungal hyphae. Definitive diagnosis of a dermatophytic pseudomycetoma requires identification of the etiologic agent by cultivation or immunohistochemical staining. A pseudomycetoma should be included in the differential diagnosis for an abdominal mass in a Persian cat, especially is accompanied by the sonographic findings noted above.

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Fungal Skin Diseases

Medleau

2006

Small Animal Dermatology

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Intra-Abdominal Dermatophytic Pseudomycetoma in a Persian Cat

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Dermal Mass Aspirate from a Persian Cat

Dermal Mass Aspirate from a Persian Cat

Imaging Diagnosis—sublumbar Pseudomycetoma in a Persian Cat

Fungal Skin Diseases

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