Intra-Abdominal Hydatid Cyst: Sociodemographics, Clinical Profiles, and Outcomes of Patients Operated on at a Tertiary Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background Hydatid cyst is caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. The abdomen, specifically the liver, is the most common site affected. Objective Determine the presentation patterns, types of surgical management, and outcomes of patients operated for intra-abdominal hydatid cyst (IAHC). Methodology A retrospective descriptive study of patients admitted and operated for IAHC from September 1, 2011, to August 31, 2015. Results Forty-two patients whose age ranged from 10 to 65 (mean of 37 years) were operated on. Females comprised 27 (64.3%) of the patients. The commonest presenting complaint was abdominal pain (41, 97.6%). Abdominal mass was documented in 23 (54.7%) cases. Abdominal ultrasound (AUS) and CT were the main imaging studies done on 38 (90.5%) and 24 (57.1%) patients, respectively. Cysts measuring more than 10 cm in diameter were the most common finding in both studies. Liver was the primary site involved, 30 (71.4%) cases, the right lobe being the main side, 73%. Thirty-eight (90.5%) patients underwent deroofing, evacuation, marsupialization, and omentoplasty (DEMO). There was no perioperative death, but 4 (9.5%) of the patients had post-op complications. Conclusion Abdominal pain was the most common presenting complaint. AUS and CT remain the preferred imaging. DEMO was the most common surgery.

Pancreatic and gastrointestinal hydatidosis

“…5,12,14,15 indeed no case was noted in the Tunisian series of Bellil S et al 3 of 256 cases of operated extrapulmonary HC, 3 as well as in the Turkish series of Balik AA et al 12 of 27 patients operated for extra-hepatic intra-abdominal HC, 12 whereas only one case of duodenal HC was found in the Ethiopian series of Abebe E et al of 42 patients operated for intra-abdominal hydatidosis. 4…”

“…The pancreatic localization of the hydatid cyst (HC) is exceptional and unusual; 1,2 in fact, only one case was found in the Tunisian series of Bellil S et al of 256 cases of extra-pulmonary operated HC (0.4%), 3 whereas no case was noted in the series of 42 cases of intra-abdominal operated HC of Abebe E et al 4 and no case was noted in the Lianos GD et al 5 series of 233 patients treated for hydatid cyst over a period of 33 years, of which 18 presented unusual locations. 5 Its overall frequency is estimated by series and recruitment services at 0.2-2%, 1,2,6,7 and is often very difficult to diagnose preoperatively.…”

Clinical profile and surgical outcome of abdominal hydatid cyst at a university hospital in Nepal

“…The E. granulosus and E. multilocularis are commonest causes of human cystic and alveolar HDs respecrtively. [1][2][3][4] Canine, like dogs are the definitive hosts, while sheep and cattle are intermediate hosts. Humans are intermediate host acquiring the disease by accidentally ingesting food contaminated with the eggs of tapeworms.…”

“…1 The HD is endemic in sheep rearing communities, like Middle East, Far East, South America, Africa, New Zealand, Australia, Turkey and Mediterranean. 1,2 Liver is most commonly affected organ, followed by lungs; while peritoneum, spleen, kidney and pancrease are rarely affected. [2][3][4][5][6] Clinical features depend upon site, size, stages of development of cyst and its complications.…”

“…1,2 Liver is most commonly affected organ, followed by lungs; while peritoneum, spleen, kidney and pancrease are rarely affected. [2][3][4][5][6] Clinical features depend upon site, size, stages of development of cyst and its complications. Abdominal pain and masses are common clinical features of abdominal HD.…”