Intra-amniotic umbilical vein varix

Hayden, Jenny; Boyle, Michael A

doi:10.1136/archdischild-2018-315301

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…12 Table 1. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Including our case, 11 cases (79%) have been diagnosed antenatally. The average of diameter of the EAUVV was 3.4 cm (range: 1-5 cm).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…A search of the English literature on PubMed and Google Scholar using “umbilical vein varix” and “umbilical cord anomalies” as keywords (from 1980 to 2020) identified only 13 case reports describing EAUVV thus far. The clinical and sonographic characteristics and outcomes of the pregnancies with EAUVV are described in Table 1 13‐26 . Including our case, 11 cases (79%) have been diagnosed antenatally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Severe fetal anemia as a consequence of extra‐abdominal umbilical vein varix: A case report and review of the literature

Kondoh

Iemura

et al. 2020

Congenital Anomalies

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Umbilical vein varix is associated with a high incidence of fetal anomalies and perinatal complications. There are two types of umbilical vein varix: fetal intra-abdominal and extra-abdominal. Herein, a case is reported of severe fetal anemia with extraabdominal umbilical vein varix. A 33-year-old primigravida was referred to our hospital for fetal growth restriction, fetal cardiomegaly, and decreased fetal movements at 26 weeks' gestation. A Doppler assessment showed an elevated middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity at 2.2 MoM, suggesting fetal anemia. Umbilical vein varix had caused intermittent turbulent flow, provoking hemolytic anemia. Intrauterine transfusion improved fetal circulatory failure and anemia and prolonged gestational period. At 33 weeks' gestation, the patient underwent cesarean delivery due to nonreassuring fetal status. Pathological analysis revealed focal loss of vascular smooth muscle of the umbilical vein. Extra-abdominal umbilical vein varix has been reported in 14 cases including this case. The antenatal diagnosis rate is reported to be 79%; fetal heartbeat abnormalities and fetal deaths were reported as 50% and 14%, respectively. Eighty-six percent of patients had intra-umbilical cord thrombosis, but currently this is the only case of hemolytic anemia. Furthermore, extra-abdominal umbilical vein varix may present as fetal hydrops with anemia. During ultrasound examination of fetal anemia, umbilical cord screening should be performed with caution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Severe fetal anemia as a consequence of extra‐abdominal umbilical vein varix: A case report and review of the literature

Kondoh

Iemura

et al. 2020

Congenital Anomalies

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“…We saw two cases of fetal extra-abdominal umbilical vein varix in our hospital in 2022. To our knowledge so far only 17 cases have been described in the literature [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Case Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal extra-abdominal umbilical vein varix: Two cases of a rare malformation

Cavegn,

Popelka,

Arioglu

et al. 2023

Open J Clin Med Case Rep

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Fetal umbilical vein varix is a rare malformation of the umbilical cord. Most of the varices arise intraabdominally and there have been multiple studies about the diagnosis and management of fetal intra-abdominal umbilical vein varices. However fetal extra-abdominal umbilical vein varices are much rarer and up to date there are no clear criteria for the diagnosis or the clinical management of the condition. We saw two cases within a month in our ultrasound department in 2022 and had a favorable outcome in both pregnancies. In the first case the diagnosis was only established at 39 weeks of gestation, and we performed a cesarean section the next day. The second case was diagnosed at 31 weeks of gestation. The patient was admitted to hospital, and we administered Betamethasone for RDS prophylaxis. At 34 weeks of gestation there were fetal heartbeat abnormalities, and a cesarean section was performed. We also reviewed the literature of previous cases and our two cases included, so far only 19 cases of fetal extra-abdominal umbilical vein varix have been described.

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“…Intra-amniotic UVV is a tortuous cystic dilatation involving the extrafetal portion of the umbilical cord. Only 15 cases with this condition have been reported in the literature 3,4 . When intra-amniotic UVV is identified prenatally, the patient should be monitored for venous thrombosis and thrombus shedding, which are associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%