Intra- and inter-annual growth rate of modern stalagmites

Genty, Dominique; Baker, Andy; Vokal, Barbara

doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(00)00399-5

Cited by 195 publications

(150 citation statements)

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“…Previous speleothem growth studies include modelled spatial variability based on 'snapshot' cave atmosphere CO 2 concentration maps (Baldini et al, 2006b;) and comparisons of modelled and actual growth rates. Such studies have compared average values (Baker and Smart, 1995), investigated the sensitivity of growth rate to cave dripwater hydrochemistry (Genty et al, 2001), and compared modelled growth with calcite grown in situ (Sherwin and Baldini, 2011). Collectively, this research provides first-order tests of our theoretical understanding of both instantaneous calcite growth rate and vertical stalagmite extension rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing empirical relationships between cave environmental parameters, such as cave atmosphere temperature and pCO 2 (CO 2 partial pressure), and stalagmite growth rate appear robust Baldini et al, 2008;Genty et al, 2001) and recent studies have attempted to quantify the effects of cave processes, such as ventilation, on stalagmite growth and net geochemical proxy records (Sherwin and Baldini, 2011;Wong et al, 2011). Previous speleothem growth studies include modelled spatial variability based on 'snapshot' cave atmosphere CO 2 concentration maps (Baldini et al, 2006b;) and comparisons of modelled and actual growth rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(iv) Growth rate variability may be related to climate signal modification by other processes, such as biomass change above the cave (e.g., Baldini et al, 2005) and surface and epikarst hydrology Bradley et al, 2010;Darling, 2004). Moreover, stalagmite growth rate may provide a proxy for surface or soil temperature (Genty et al, 2001), rainfall amount (Genty and Quinif, 1996), or vegetation changes (Baldini et al, 2005). The work of Kaufmann (2003) and Kaufmann and Dreybrodt (2004) represents an important advance in linking stalagmite growth with climate variability, but the model resolutions used (1000 and 200 years, respectively) are too low to be directly applicable to many highresolution palaeoclimate studies using stalagmites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconstructing modern stalagmite growth from cave monitoring, local meteorology, and experimental measurements of dripwater films

Baker

Mattey

Baldini

2014

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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. (2014) 'Reconstructing modern stalagmite growth from cave monitoring, local meteorology, and experimental measurements of dripwater lms.', Earth and planetary science letters., 392 . pp. 239-249. Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.02.036Publisher's copyright statement: NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Earth and Planetary Science Letters. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be re ected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A de nitive version was subsequently published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 392, 15 April 2014, 10.1016/j.epsl.2014 Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractInterpretations of high-resolution proxy datasets from stalagmites require support from longterm cave monitoring data and quantified changes in sample growth rate. One cave site for which the modern climate signal transfer systematics are relatively well characterised by cave monitoring is New St Michael's Cave, Gibraltar. This site provides a rare opportunity to reconstruct modern calcite growth, to link growth with the cave environment and local climate, and to test the sufficiency of existing growth rate theory on monthly to inter-annual timescales. Here, we use a numerical time-series growth rate model, driven by cave monitoring and local meteorological data, and the results of an experimental investigation into variation in dripwater film thickness as a function of stalagmite apex morphology to reconstruct the modern growth (AD 1951(AD -2004 of 'Gib04a', a stalagmite retrieved from New St Michael's Cave. Our experimental measurements demonstrate that dripwater film thickness decreases linearly with increasing stalagmite curvature and that the presence of millimetre-scale surface microtopography reduces film thickness by an order of magnitude. We identified changes in growth laminae curvature from a Gib04a cut section to determine film thickness variability through time and combined this with estimated dripwater [Ca 2+ ] and cave air pCO 2 seasonality to drive the model. Our reconstruction exhibits strong seasonality and tracks variability in calcite [Sr 2+ ], a trace metal whose incorporation into calcite is partially growth rate-controlled. Reconstructed growth also shows co-variation with seasonal changes in calc...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconstructing modern stalagmite growth from cave monitoring, local meteorology, and experimental measurements of dripwater films

Baker

Mattey

Baldini

2014

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…In humid climates or during heavy precipitation a relatively rapid speleothem growth may occur, whereas in arid climates or during drought the growth is moderated or ceased. Hence, the composition, abundance and growth pattern of speleothems may be indicative of climate changes, as reported by several authors [25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Applied Gas Chromatography Coupled To Isotope Ratio Mass Spementioning

confidence: 57%

Analytical pyrolysis and stable isotope analyses reveal past environmental changes in coralloid speleothems from Easter Island (Chile)

Miller

Rosa

Morillo

et al. 2016

Journal of Chromatography A

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This study comprises an innovative approach based on the combination of chromatography (analytical pyrolysis and pyrolysis compound-specific isotope analysis (Py-CSIA)), light stable isotopes, microscopy and mineralogy analyses to characterize the internal layering of coralloid speleothems from the Ana Heva lava tube in Easter Island (Chile). This multidisciplinary proxy showed that the speleothems consist of banded siliceous materials of low crystallinity with different mineralogical compositions and a significant contribution of organic carbon. Opal-A constitutes the outermost grey layer of the coralloids, whereas calcite and amorphous Mg hydrate silicate are the major components of the inner whitish and honey-brown layers, respectively. The differences found in the mineralogical, elemental, molecular and isotopic composition of these distinct coloured layers are related to environmental changes during speleothem development. Stable isotopes and analytical pyrolysis 3 suggested alterations in the water regime, pointing to wetter conditions during the formation of the Ca-rich layer and a possible increase in the amount of water dripping into the cave. The trend observed for δ 15 N values suggested an increase in the average temperature over time, which is consistent with the so-called climate warming during the Holocene.The pyrolysis compound-specific isotope analysis of each speleothem layer showed a similar trend with the bulk δ 13 C values pointing to the appropriateness of direct Py-CSIA in paleoenvironmental studies. The δ 13 C values for n-alkanes reinforced the occurrence of a drastic environmental change, indicating that the outermost Opal layer was developed under drier and more arid environmental conditions.

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“…As such, they are capable of recording changes in climate parameters such as mean annual temperature, precipitation, or atmospheric circulation changes, and vegetation responses, back through time via a number of available proxies (McDermott, 2004). These include stable isotope ratios (Rozanski et al, 1992;McDermott, 2004), inter-annual thickness variations of growth laminae, growth rate changes (Genty et al, 2001;Tan et al, 2006), variations in trace element ratios (Ayalon et al, 1999;Roberts et al, 1999;Fairchild, 2002), organic acid content (White and Brennan, 1989;Rousseau et al, 1993) and trapped pollen grains (McGarry and Caseldine, 2004). An area where published research is perhaps rarer is petrographical studies of stalagmites, for example, Kendall and Broughton (1978), Genty (1993), Bar-Matthews et al (1991) and Frisia et al (2000).Valuable information can also be obtained by examining the visual characteristics, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperspectral imaging of speleothems

Jex

Claridge

Baker

et al. 2008

Quaternary International

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Proxy records from speleothems are used in palaeoclimatic reconstructions, as the factors controlling their growth rate, nature of their internal structure and chemical composition respond to changes in surface climate. Optical analyses of stalagmites include visual observation of stalagmite images obtained from flatbed scanners or digital cameras. Hyperspectral imaging has not been used in stalagmite research, but potentially has many advantages over standard optical imaging techniques. Hyperspectral images of a set of stalagmites have been obtained in order to demonstrate the application of hyperspectral imaging in speleothem research. Our results highlight the following: (1) Spectra obtained for these calcite stalagmites are similar between a group of stalagmites of different ages, hydrological setting within a cave and from different caves. (2) The largest differences in relative reflectance between areas of dark compact calcite (DCC) and white porous calcite (WPC) are in the range 470-590 nm (this may extend to 680 nm for some of the stalagmites). (3) Imaging in the near infrared (NIR) demonstrates a decrease in reflection at water absorbance wavelengths, suggesting there is potential for mapping H 2 O. r

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Intra- and inter-annual growth rate of modern stalagmites

Cited by 195 publications

References 19 publications

Reconstructing modern stalagmite growth from cave monitoring, local meteorology, and experimental measurements of dripwater films

Reconstructing modern stalagmite growth from cave monitoring, local meteorology, and experimental measurements of dripwater films

Analytical pyrolysis and stable isotope analyses reveal past environmental changes in coralloid speleothems from Easter Island (Chile)

Hyperspectral imaging of speleothems

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