Intra- and intergenomic homology of B-genome chromosomes in trigenomic combinations of the cultivated Brassica species revealed by GISH analysis

Ge, Xianhong; Li, Zaiyun

doi:10.1007/s10577-007-1168-4

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…According to the relative values of π and θ per bp, the B genome in B. juncea retained a higher level of variation (0.192, 0.0261) than the A genome (0.0092, 0.0158). This result reinforced the data presented by Song et al (2009) and Ge and Li (2007), which indicated that after the occurrence of polyploidy in mustard, the A and B genomes showed a different degree of variation and larger genetic variation within the B genome. The decreased variation in the A genome may be due to artificial selection, as evidenced by Fu and Li's D, Fu and Li's F, HKA test, and misalignment analysis.…”

Section: Sequence Polymorphism Of the Chs Gene In Chinese Mustardsupporting

confidence: 91%

Evolution of mustard (Brassica juncea Coss) subspecies in China: evidence from the chalcone synthase gene

et al. 2016

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ABSTRACT. To explore the phylogenetic relationship, genome donor, and evolutionary history of the polyploid mustard (Brassica juncea) from China, eighty-one sequences of the chalcone synthase gene (Chs) were analyzed in 43 individuals, including 34 B. juncea, 2 B. rapa, 1 B. nigra, 2 B. oleracea, 1 B. napus, 1 B. carinata, and 2 Raphanus sativus. A maximum likelihood analysis showed that sequences from B. juncea were separated into two well-supported groups in accordance with the A and B genomes, whereas the traditional phenotypic classification of B. juncea was not wholly supported by the molecular results. The SplitsTree analysis recognized four distinct groups of Brassicaceae, and the median-joining network analysis recognized four distinct haplotypes of Chs. The estimates of Tajima's D, Fu and Li's D, and Fu and Li's F statistic for the Chs gene in the B genome were negative, while those in the A genome were significant. The results indicated that 1) the Chs sequences revealed a high level of sequence variation in Chinese mustard, 2) both tree and reticulate evolutions existed, and artificial selection played an important role in the evolution of Chinese mustard, 3) the original parental species of Chinese mustard are B. rapa var. sinapis arvensis and B. nigra (derived from China), 4) nucleotide variation in the B genome was higher than that in the A genome, and 5) cultivated mustard evolved from wild mustard, and China is one of the primary origins of B. juncea.

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Section: Sequence Polymorphism Of the Chs Gene In Chinese Mustardsupporting

confidence: 91%

Evolution of mustard (Brassica juncea Coss) subspecies in China: evidence from the chalcone synthase gene

et al. 2016

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“…Adding to the confusion, different researchers used separate systems of chromosome nomenclature. Finally, the use of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) to distinguish the progenitor diploid A and C progenitor genomes failed in allopolyploid B. napus (Snowdon et al 1997), although GISH has allowed the visualization of the B diploid genome in allopolyploid B. juncea (Snowdon et al 1997;Maluszynska and Hasterok 2005) and in ABC trigenomic Brassica hybrids (Ge and Li 2007). GISH has also distinguished Brassica chromosomes from separate species in intergeneric hybrids of Brassica crossed to Lesquerella, Orychrophragmus, Raphanus, and Isatis (Sharzhinskaya et al 1998;Hua et al 2006;Liu and Li 2007;Du et al 2008;Tu et al 2008).…”

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Karyotype and Identification of All Homoeologous Chromosomes of AllopolyploidBrassica napusand Its Diploid Progenitors

2011

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Investigating recombination of homoeologous chromosomes in allopolyploid species is central to understanding plant breeding and evolution. However, examining chromosome pairing in the allotetraploid Brassica napus has been hampered by the lack of chromosome-specific molecular probes. In this study, we establish the identification of all homoeologous chromosomes of allopolyploid B. napus by using robust molecular cytogenetic karyotypes developed for the progenitor species Brassica rapa (A genome) and Brassica oleracea (C genome). The identification of every chromosome among these three Brassica species utilized genetically mapped bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) from B. rapa as probes for fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). With this BAC-FISH data, a second karyotype was developed using two BACs that contained repetitive DNA sequences and the ubiquitous ribosomal and pericentromere repeats. Using this diagnostic probe mix and a BAC that contained a C-genome repeat in two successive hybridizations allowed for routine identification of the corresponding homoeologous chromosomes between the A and C genomes of B. napus. When applied to the B. napus cultivar Stellar, we detected one chromosomal rearrangement relative to the parental karyotypes. This robust novel chromosomal painting technique will have biological applications for the understanding of chromosome pairing, homoeologous recombination, and genome evolution in the genus Brassica and will facilitate new applied breeding technologies that rely upon identification of chromosomes.

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“…Maluszynska and Hasterok (2005) combined a GISH analysis of B. juncea with FISH using labeled 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA probes to discriminate several chromosomes within each genome. GISH was also used in the analysis of the behavior of B genome chromosomes in the trigenomic hybrids ABC (Ge and Li 2007). However, an attempt to clearly discriminate the A genome from the C genome in B. napus by GISH was unsuccessful (Snowdon et al 1997).…”

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A and C Genome Distinction and Chromosome Identification inBrassica napusby Sequential Fluorescencein SituHybridization and Genomicin SituHybridization

et al. 2008

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The two genomes (A and C) of the allopolyploid Brassica napus have been clearly distinguished using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) despite the fact that the two extant diploids, B. rapa (A, n ¼ 10) and B. oleracea (C, n ¼ 9), representing the progenitor genomes, are closely related. Using DNA from B. oleracea as the probe, with B. rapa DNA and the intergenic spacer of the B. oleracea 45S rDNA as the block, hybridization occurred on 9 of the 19 chromosome pairs along the majority of their length. The pattern of hybridization confirms that the two genomes have remained distinct in B. napus line DH12075, with no significant genome homogenization and no large-scale translocations between the genomes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-with 45S rDNA and a BAC that hybridizes to the pericentromeric heterochromatin of several chromosomes-followed by GISH allowed identification of six chromosomes and also three chromosome groups. Our procedure was used on the B. napus cultivar Westar, which has an interstitial reciprocal translocation. Two translocated segments were detected in pollen mother cells at the pachytene stage of meiosis. Using B. oleracea chromosome-specific BACs as FISH probes followed by GISH, the chromosomes involved were confirmed to be A7 and C6.

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Intra- and intergenomic homology of B-genome chromosomes in trigenomic combinations of the cultivated Brassica species revealed by GISH analysis

Cited by 50 publications

References 77 publications

Evolution of mustard (Brassica juncea Coss) subspecies in China: evidence from the chalcone synthase gene

Evolution of mustard (Brassica juncea Coss) subspecies in China: evidence from the chalcone synthase gene

Karyotype and Identification of All Homoeologous Chromosomes of AllopolyploidBrassica napusand Its Diploid Progenitors

A and C Genome Distinction and Chromosome Identification inBrassica napusby Sequential Fluorescencein SituHybridization and Genomicin SituHybridization

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