Intra-arc and back-arc volcano-tectonics: Magma pathways at Holocene Alaska-Aleutian volcanoes

Tibaldi, Alessandro; Bonali, Fabio Luca

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.02.004

Cited by 39 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 182 publications

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“…The center points of the lava domes produced during historical eruptions form a linear alignment that is oriented roughly N 5° W (355°; fig. 4) and approximately parallel to the direction of plate convergence in this part of the Aleutian arc (Engebretson and others, 1985;Tibaldi and Bonali, 2017).…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Historical eruptions and hazards at Bogoslof volcano, Alaska

Waythomas¹,

Cameron²

2018

Scientific Investigations Report

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Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Historical eruptions and hazards at Bogoslof volcano, Alaska

Waythomas¹,

Cameron²

2018

Scientific Investigations Report

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“…In some cases, the presence of eruptive fissures could be directly identified on highresolution aerial photos thanks to the recognition of volcanic deposits emplaced along the same fractures, whereas in other cases they were traced based on some morphometric parameters of related eruptive centres: the elongation of the cone base, the elongation of the crater and the alignment of cones were considered parallel to the strike of the feeding fracture, as summarised in Tibaldi and Bonali [57]. Finally, caldera faults were recognized on aerial photos with the aid of the DSM and the geological map, and were not considered in the detailed analysis of the present work.…”

Section: Remote Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fracture Kinematics and Holocene Stress Field at the Krafla Rift, Northern Iceland

et al. 2021

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In the Northern Volcanic Zone of Iceland, the geometry, kinematics and offset amount of the structures that form the active Krafla Rift were studied. This rift is composed of a central volcano and a swarm of extension fractures, normal faults and eruptive fissures, which were mapped and analysed through remote sensing and field techniques. In three areas, across the northern, central and southern part of the rift, detailed measurements were collected by extensive field surveys along the post-Late Glacial Maximum (LGM) extension fractures and normal faults, to reconstruct their strike, opening direction and dilation amount. The geometry and the distribution of all the studied structures suggest a northward propagation of the rift, and an interaction with the Húsavík–Flatey Fault. Although the opening direction at the extension fractures is mostly normal to the general N–S rift orientation (average value N99.5° E), a systematic occurrence of subordinate transcurrent components of motion is noticed. From the measured throw at each normal fault, the heave was calculated, and it was summed together with the net dilation measured at the extension fractures; this has allowed us to assess the stretch ratio of the rift, obtaining a value of 1.003 in the central sector, and 1.001 and 1.002 in the northern and southern part, respectively.

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“…as normal faults, whereas structures with vertical offset < 20 cm have been classified as extension fractures. Regarding eruptive fissures, they have been traced considering morphometric parameters of the eruptive centres, as explained in Tibaldi (1995), Bonali et al (2011) and Tibaldi and Bonali (2017): the strike of the feeding fracture is directly related to the elongation of the cone base and the crater, to the direction of the line connecting the depressions on the crater rim, and to the alignment of cones. In some eruptive centres, the outcropping dyke was visible, giving information about the direction and component of opening of the eruptive fissure.…”

Section: Mapping and Measurements Gathering On Sfm-derived Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping and evaluating kinematics and stress/strain field at active faults and fissures: a comparison between field and drone data at NE Rift, Mt Etna (Italy)

Tibaldi¹,

Corti²,

Beni³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. We collected drone data to quantify the kinematics at extensional fractures and normal faults, integrated this information with seismological data to reconstruct the stress field, and critically compared the results with previous fieldwork to assess the best practice. As key site, we analysed a sector of the North-East Rift of Mt Etna, an area affected by continuous ground deformation linked to gravity sliding of the volcano's eastern flank and dyke injection. The studied sector is characterized also by the existence of eruptive craters and fissures and lava flows. This work shows that this rift segment is affected by a series of NE-striking, parallel extensional fractures characterized by an opening mode along an average N105.7° vector. Normal faults strike parallel to the extensional fractures, although they tend to bend slightly when crossing topographic highs corresponding to pyroclastic cones. The extensional strain obtained by cumulating the net offset at extensional fractures with the fault heave gives a stretching ratio of 1.003 in the northeastern part of the study area and 1.005 in the southwestern part. Given a maximum age of 1614 yr AD for the offset lavas, we obtained an extension rate of 1.9 cm/yr for the last 406 yr. The stress field is characterised by a σHmin trending NW-SE. Results indicate that Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry applied to drone surveys allows to collect large amounts of data with a resolution of 2–3 cm, a detail comparable to field surveys. In the same amount of time, drone survey can allow to collect more data than classical fieldwork, especially in logistically difficult rough terrains.

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Intra-arc and back-arc volcano-tectonics: Magma pathways at Holocene Alaska-Aleutian volcanoes

Cited by 39 publications

References 182 publications

Historical eruptions and hazards at Bogoslof volcano, Alaska

Historical eruptions and hazards at Bogoslof volcano, Alaska

Fracture Kinematics and Holocene Stress Field at the Krafla Rift, Northern Iceland

Mapping and evaluating kinematics and stress/strain field at active faults and fissures: a comparison between field and drone data at NE Rift, Mt Etna (Italy)

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