Intra-body communications for nervous system applications: Current technologies and future directions

Vizziello, Anna; Magarini, Maurizio; Savazzi, Pietro; Galluccio, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2023.109718

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…lower than those used in traditional RF signals. For this reason, IBC methods have gained great attention since they ensure safety and decrease energy consumption [11]. Indeed, on the one hand low levels of transmitted power of such technologies ensure safety by avoiding heating of the body tissues as required by ICNIRP [12].…”

Section: A Galvanic Vs Capacitive Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Energy-Efficient Carrier Synchronization Method for Galvanic Coupling Intra-Body Communication

Kulsoom,

Nazeer Chaudhry,

Savazzi

et al. 2024

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

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Intra-body communication will facilitate nextgeneration personalized medicine by enabling interconnection among implanted devices. To this purpose, energy-efficient communication technologies are required such as galvanic coupling (GC). Although some GC testbeds have been developed to implement the entire communication chain, synchronization problems have not yet been tackled exhaustively. While some papers simply assume a-priori perfect synchronization between GC transmitter and receiver, other studies developed solutions that often are timeconsuming. In this paper, an energy-efficient and fast maximumlog-likelihood (ML) synchronization method is proposed, that can operate in real time and follow channel variations. Experiments reveal that the proposed ML synchronization scheme is very effective for short-range GC communication up to 4 cm, with performance similar to the current State-of-the-Art. It shows slightly lower performance levels for higher distances, still it offers the benefit of lower computational requirements than the reference method.

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Section: A Galvanic Vs Capacitive Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(a) The LF given in (11) decouples the parameters, f and θ, to convert the 2-D LF to 1-D LF. (b) Next, for obtaining the frequency offset estimate f , LF ∧(.)…”

Section: Algorithm 1 Estimation Of Synchronization Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Energy-Efficient Carrier Synchronization Method for Galvanic Coupling Intra-Body Communication

Kulsoom,

Nazeer Chaudhry,

Savazzi

et al. 2024

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

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“…The IoNT offers unprecedented opportunities for personalized medicine, with nanoscale sensors and actuators enabling real-time monitoring of vital signs, early detection of diseases including cancer, brain-machine interfaces to restore or repair neuronal damage, and targeted drug delivery within the human body, among many others. First, it is relevant to note that the field of body area networks has been one of the fastest-growing paradigms in the last decade [109]. Still, today, existing demonstrated solutions rely on millimetric devices, i.e., orders of magnitude larger than the IoNT vision.…”

Section: A the Internet Of Nano-thingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Nanonetworks Beyond 6G: From Wearable and Implantable Networks to On-Chip and Quantum Communication

Abadal,

Han,

Petrov

et al. 2024

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

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Emerging from the symbiotic combination of nanotechnology and communications, the field of nanonetworking has come a long way since its inception more than fifteen years ago. Significant progress has been achieved in several key communication technologies as enablers of the paradigm, as well as in the multiple application areas that it opens. In this paper, the focus is placed on the electromagnetic nanonetworking paradigm, providing an overview of the advances made in wireless nanocommunication technology from microwave through terahertz to optical bands. The characteristics and potential of the compared technologies are then confronted with the requirements and challenges of the broad set of nanonetworking applications in the Internet of NanoThings (IoNT) and on-chip networks paradigms, including quantum computing applications for the first time. Finally, a selection of cross-cutting issues and possible directions for future work are given, aiming to guide researchers and practitioners towards the next generation of electromagnetic nanonetworks.

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“…IMDs transmit biosensing signals inside the human body and are used for various clinical purposes, including therapy, diagnosis, and assistive technological objectives. IMDs have undergone significant advancements in healthcare services, enabling the implementation of personalized medicine through proactive drug delivery, precise treatment within the human body, and real-time physiological monitoring in convenient ways [8]. These advancements are in line with the objectives of 5G and future communication technologies (e.g., 5G+, 6G), which involve the concept of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the Trends and Global Growth of Energy Harvesting for Implantable Medical Devices (IMDs) Research—A Bibliometric Approach

Syifaul Fuada,

Mariella Särestöniemi,

Marcos Katz

2024

Int. J. Onl. Eng.

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Implantable medical devices (IMDs) play a crucial role in improving individuals’ well-being and ensuring their safety by providing real-time health data monitoring for recovery. The use of energy harvesting (EH) technology has become increasingly popular among researchers because it offers the potential to extend the battery life of IMDs and reduce their weight. This study successfully examined the expansion of EH in the field of IMDs, the distribution of publications across different countries, and the identification of the most influential authors for potential research collaborations. A bibliometric analysis was conducted to evaluate two metrics: performance and science mapping. Data was collected from the Scopus database from the initial publications until October 2023, encompassing 250 articles published in Englishlanguage journals. The titles, keywords, and abstracts of these publications were analyzed and interpreted using VOS Viewer (version 1.6.19). Furthermore, network analysis using VOS Viewer enabled the identification of key research clusters. The findings reveal a continuous increase in EH for research on infectious and parasitic diseases over the 15-year period from 2008 to 2023. The United States and the University of Bern are recognized as the leading contributors to this field, based on their country and institutional contributions, respectively. The author with the most published papers and citations hails from China. Additionally, this study identifies several opportunities for collaboration with countries, institutions, authors, and research hotspots in EH for IMDs that benefit the reader.

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Intra-body communications for nervous system applications: Current technologies and future directions

Cited by 11 publications

References 93 publications

An Energy-Efficient Carrier Synchronization Method for Galvanic Coupling Intra-Body Communication

An Energy-Efficient Carrier Synchronization Method for Galvanic Coupling Intra-Body Communication

Electromagnetic Nanonetworks Beyond 6G: From Wearable and Implantable Networks to On-Chip and Quantum Communication

Analyzing the Trends and Global Growth of Energy Harvesting for Implantable Medical Devices (IMDs) Research—A Bibliometric Approach

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