Intraarterial papaverine for relief of catheter‐induced peripheral arterial vasospasm during pediatric cardiac surgery: A randomized double‐blind controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Maintaining the patency of peripheral arterial lines in pediatric patients during surgery can be challenging due to multiple factors, and catheter-related arterial vasospasm is a potentially modifiable cause. Papaverine, a potent vasodilator, improves arterial line patency when used as a continuous infusion in the pediatric intensive care setting, but this method is not convenient during surgery.Aim: Extrapolating from the benefit seen in the intensive care unit, the authors hypothesize that a small-volume intraarterial bolus of papaverine immediately after arterial line placement will reduce vasospasm-related arterial line malfunction. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Patients less than 17 years of age undergoing cardiac surgery were enrolled. Patients were randomized How to cite this article: Gautam NK, Griffin E, Hubbard R, et al. Intraarterial papaverine for relief of catheter-induced peripheral arterial vasospasm during pediatric cardiac surgery: A randomized double-blind controlled trial. Pediatr

Thieno[2,3‐c]isoquinolines: A novel chemotype of antiproliferative agents inducing cellular apoptosis while targeting the G2/M phase and Tubulin

“…As mentioned earlier, the isoquinoline and thieno[2,3‐b]pyridine motifs are widely common in approved drugs and drug candidates, (Alexopoulos, 2014; Ganellin & Elks, 2014; Gautam et al, 2022; Y. J. Kim et al, 2008; Prasad et al, 1973; Säynävälammi et al, 1988, p. 12; Sleebs et al, 2011; Wu et al, 2009) both have a pyridine ring in common. Upon employing a molecular merging strategy on both scaffolds (while preserving only one pyridine ring), thieno[2,3‐c]isoquinoline is produced (Figure 2).…”

“…As mentioned earlier, the isoquinoline and thieno[2,3-b]pyridine motifs are widely common in approved drugs and drug candidates, (Alexopoulos, 2014;Ganellin & Elks, 2014;Gautam et al, 2022; Y. J. Kim et al, 2008;Prasad et al, 1973;Säynävälammi et al, 1988, p. 12;Sleebs et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2009) both have a pyridine ring in common.…”

“…Alkaloids are important scaffolds in cancer chemotherapy (Kittakoop et al, 2013). Due to the popularity of isoquinoline (Ganellin & Elks, 2014; Gautam et al, 2022; Y. J. Kim et al, 2008; Prasad et al, 1973; Säynävälammi et al, 1988), thieno[2,3‐c]pyridine (Alexopoulos, 2014), and thieno[2,3‐b]pyridine/quinoline alkaloid scaffolds in medicinal chemistry (see Figure 1), a greater focus was placed on using these scaffolds as a basis for the development of novel HCC‐targeting chemotypes. Moreover, the thienoisoquinoline scaffold was considered in this study with special interest as a promising fused heterocyclic one newly introduced in cancer chemotherapy (see compounds IV and V [Figure 1] and the relevant discussion).…”

“…Alkaloids are important scaffolds in cancer chemotherapy (Kittakoop et al, 2013). Due to the popularity of isoquinoline (Ganellin & Elks, 2014;Gautam et al, 2022; Y. J. Kim et al, 2008;Prasad et al, 1973;Säynävälammi et al, 1988), thieno [2,3-c]pyridine (Alexopoulos, 2014), and thieno[2,3-b]pyridine/quinoline alkaloid scaffolds in medicinal chemistry (see Figure 1), a greater focus was placed on using these scaffolds as a basis for the development of novel HCC-targeting chemotypes.…”