Intracerebral varicella‐zoster virus reactivation in congenital varicella syndrome

2006

Med Microbiol Immunol

132

Varicella during pregnancy can be associated with severe illnesses for both the mother and her neonate. Varicella pneumonia must be regarded as a medical emergency, since pregnant women are at risk of life-threatening ventilatory compromise and death. After maternal chickenpox in the first and second trimesters, congenital varicella syndrome may occur in nearly 2% of the cases. The characteristic symptoms consist of skin lesions in dermatomal distribution, neurological defects, eye diseases and skeletal anomalies. If the mother develops varicella rashes between day 4 (5) antepartum and day 2 postpartum, generalized neonatal varicella leading to death in about 20% of the cases has to be expected. Normal zoster has not been shown to be associated with maternal pneumonia, birth defects or problems in the perinatal period. On the basis of the clinical consequences of varicella-zoster virus infections during pregnancy, the present paper summarizes the currently available concepts of prevention, diagnosis and therapy.

Section: Therapeutic Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections during pregnancy: current concepts of prevention, diagnosis and therapy. Part 2: Varicella-zoster virus infections

Sauerbrei

2006

Med Microbiol Immunol

132

“…A follow-up report in the literature demonstrates that in spite of initially poor prognosis a good long-term outcome can be observed in patients with CVS [129]. 1961 -1970 1 [40] 1971 -1980 18 [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] 1981 -1990 32 [23, 1991 -2000 63 [25,27,31, 2001 -2004 13 [28,[116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126] Concerning a relationship between maternal zoster and CVS, there are some reports of infants with congenital malformations being born to mothers with a history of zoster during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy [130,131]. But, in none of these cases was the diagnosis of shingles proven by laboratory investigation, and no case showed laboratory evidence of intrauterine infection with VZV.…”

Section: Congenital Varicella Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections During Pregnancy: Epidemiology, Clinical Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy

Sauerbrei¹,

2005

CPR

Varicella belongs to serious infections during pregnancy. After introduction of prevention by vaccination in several countries, there is a particular interest to learn more about the consequences of maternal varicella for the infant. Pregnant women who contract varicella are at risk of severe pneumonia and death. At any stage during pregnancy, chickenpox may cause intrauterine infection by placental transmission of the virus. The consequences for the infant depend on the time of maternal disease. During the first two trimesters, maternal varicella may cause the congenital varicella syndrome which has been reported in about 2%. Maternal infection near term is associated with a substantial risk of neonatal varicella. Serious disseminated infections with visceral involvement may occur in the infant. Aside from epidemiology and clinical consequences, the present paper reviews the current possibilities of diagnosis, prevention and therapy of varicella-zoster virus infections during pregnancy.

“…Eine Abruptio der Schwangerschaft ist nur angezeigt, wenn Hinweise auf gravierende fetale Fehlbildungen bestehen. Eine antivirale Therapie bei Neugeborenen mit FVS ist bisher nur in Einzelfällen erfolgt, wobei sich zeigte, dass Aciclovir die Progression von Augenerkrankungen sowie von neurologischen Symptomen nach endogenen VZV-Reaktivierungen verhindern kann [46].…”

Section: Vorgehen Bei Varizellen Im Ersten Und Zweiten Trimenonunclassified

Varizellen in der Schwangerschaft und bei Neugeborenen

Sauerbrei

2007

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

Varicella belongs to the most common vaccine-preventable diseases in Germany. During pregnancy, varicella may have serious consequences for the pregnant women and for the fetus or newborn. Pregnant women who contract varicella are at risk of pneumonia which must be regarded as a medical emergency. Chicken pox between the 5th and 24th weeks of pregnancy may lead to the congenital varicella syndrome. In case of maternal varicella during the last few weeks of pregnancy or shortly after delivery, the virus can cause chicken pox in the newborn. Life-threaten ing disseminated neonatal varicella must be expected if the mother develops chicken pox between 5 days before and 2 days after delivery. Using currently available diagnostics, immuno-prophylactic and therapeutic opportunities, these serious consequences of varicella during pregnancy can be prevented.