Intracranial self-stimulation as a positive reinforcer to study impulsivity in a probability discounting paradigm

Rokosik, Sandra; Napier, T. Celeste

doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.04.025

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The current study utilized our new rat model of probability discounting that employs ICSS as the positive reinforcer (Rokosik and Napier, 2011) to reveal that ( ± )PPX increased discounting. We also revealed that tolerance did not develop with repeated treatments, and responding was comparable between PD-like and control rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, ICSS allows for testing several probabilities in a randomized order, a feature that is not successfully implemented with food-reinforced discounting (St Onge et al, 2010). Randomization encourages rats to continue selecting the LR lever even at very low probabilities (in contrast to what is obtained with protocols using predictable, descending probabilities; Rokosik and Napier, 2011). Thus, we were able to detect both increases and decreases in selection of the LR lever at the lowest probabilites, where the most robust discounting often occurs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A nine-phase paradigm was used to determine rats' baseline discounting and effects of (±)PPX, as previously described (Rokosik and Napier, 2011). Table 1 shows the acquisition criteria for phases 1-6 that were required before initiating ( ± )PPX treatment (phases 7-9) in the current study.…”

Section: Icss-mediated Probability Discountingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Towards that end, we developed a novel probability discounting paradigm in laboratory rats (Rokosik and Napier, 2011). This task measures how changes in probabilities alter decision making.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Problem gamblers demonstrate increased risk taking in probability discounting paradigms (Holt et al, 2003;Madden et al, 2009;Petry, 2011). To provide a potent, rapid, and reliable reward that allows for repeated tests of discounting, we employed intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) as the positive reinforcer in rats (Rokosik and Napier, 2011). The ability for repeated testing is a critical feature for assessments of chronic treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pramipexole-Induced Increased Probabilistic Discounting: Comparison Between a Rodent Model of Parkinson's Disease and Controls

Rokosik

Napier

2012

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The dopamine agonist pramipexole (PPX) can increase impulsiveness, and PPX therapy for neurological diseases (Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless leg syndrome) is associated with impulse control disorders (ICDs) in subpopulations of treated patients. A commonly reported ICD is pathological gambling of which risk taking is a prominent feature. Probability discounting is a measurable aspect of risk taking. We recently developed a probability discounting paradigm wherein intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) serves as the positive reinforcer. Here we used this paradigm to determine the effects of PPX on discounting. We included assessments of a rodent model of PD, wherein 6-OHDA was injected into the dorsolateral striatum of both hemispheres, which produced persistent PD-like deficits in posture adjustment. Rats were trained to perform ICSS-mediated probability discounting, in which PD-like and control groups exhibited similar profiles. Rats were treated twice daily for 2 weeks with 2 mg/kg ( ± )PPX (ie, 1 mg/kg of the active form), a dose that improved lesion-induced motor deficits. In both groups, ( ± )PPX increased discounting; preference for the large reinforcer was enhanced 30-45% at the most uncertain probabilities. Tolerance did not develop with repeated treatments. Increased discounting subsided within 2 weeks of ( ± )PPX cessation, and re-exposure to ( ± )PPX reinstated heightened discounting. Such findings emulate the clinical scenario; therefore, ICSS for discounting assessments in rats exhibited high face validity. This model should prove useful in medication development where assessment of the propensity of a putative therapy to induce risk-taking behaviors is of interest.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Icss-mediated Probability Discountingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%