“…In the past 10 years microneedles have been extensively investigated for delivery of drugs and vaccines by several groups [4–6] and more recently they are being explored as a diagnostic tool [7–9]. In the field of skin immunization microneedles have shown to present several immunological advantages when compared to conventional routes of delivery for vaccines against influenza [10, 6], Hepatitis B [11], malaria [12], polio [13], West Nile virus and Chikungunya [14] and a growing list of bacterial pathogens such as anthrax, diphtheria, tetanus, tuberculosis, botulism, plague, and staphylococcal toxin [15, 16].…”