Intragenomic recombination in the highly leukotoxic JP2 clone of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Eriksen, Kirsten Thorup; Haubek, Dorte; Poulsen, Knud

doi:10.1099/mic.0.28193-0

Cited by 16 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We have previously shown that PFGE using the rare cutting restriction enzyme XhoI can reveal genomic rearrangements in strains belonging to the JP2 clone (15). By using this method 34 different XhoI DNA fingerprints were obtained for the 82 A. actinomycetemcomitans strains studied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recently demonstrated that this technique reveals considerable polymorphism, even among members of the JP2 clone, due to intragenomic inversions resulting from homologous recombination between multicopy sequences in the genome (15). We therefore tested the applicability of this technique for studies of the local epidemiology of the JP2 clone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, two fragments of the hemoglobin-binding protein gene hbpA (which is a pseudogene in JP2 strains) and one fragment of the pseudogene for transferring-binding protein (tbpA) were sequenced ( Table 1). The PCR and DNA sequencing were performed as previously described (15). The regions sequenced are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…XhoI DNA fingerprinting was performed as previously described (15). Briefly, bacteria were grown on chocolate agar plates and washed off the plates in buffer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This definition takes into account the minor evolutionary diversification that inevitably occurs over time as a result of accumulation of mutations. Unusually, in A. actinomycetemcomitans genomic reorganizations facilitated by intragenomic homologous recombination between the multicopy rRNA operons and IS150-like elements contribute to this genetic diversification process (15), which, even among members of the JP2 clone, results in differences in ribotyping patterns and in pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of restriction fragments after cleavage of genomic DNA with rare cutting endonucleases (e.g., XhoI) (15,21,22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microevolution and Patterns of Dissemination of the JP2 Clone of Aggregatibacter ( Actinobacillus ) actinomycetemcomitans

Haubek¹,

2007

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The natural history, microevolution, and patterns of interindividual transmission and global dissemination of the JP2 clone of Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans were studied by population genetic analysis. The JP2 clone is strongly associated with aggressive periodontitis in adolescents of African descent and differs from other clones of the species by several genetic peculiarities, including a 530-bp deletion in the promoter region of the leukotoxin gene operon, which results in increased leukotoxic activity. Multilocus sequence analysis of 82 A. actinomycetemcomitans strains, 66 of which were JP2 clone strains collected over a period of more than 20 years, confirmed that there is a clonal population structure with evolutionary lineages corresponding to serotypes. Although genetically highly conserved, as shown by alignment of sequences of eight housekeeping genes, strains belonging to the JP2 clone had a number of point mutations, particularly in the pseudogenes hbpA and tbpA. Characteristic mutations allowed isolates from individuals from the Mediterranean area and from West Africa, including the Cape Verde Islands, to be distinguished. The patterns of mutations indicate that the JP2 clone initially emerged as a distinct genotype in the Mediterranean part of Africa approximately 2,400 years ago and subsequently spread to West Africa, from which it was transferred to the American continents during the transatlantic slave trade. The sustained exclusive colonization of individuals of African descent despite geographical separation for centuries suggests that the JP2 clone has a distinct host tropism. The colonization of family members by JP2 clone strains with unique point mutations provides strong evidence that there is intrafamilial transmission and suggests that dissemination of the JP2 clone is restricted to close contacts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…XhoI DNA fingerprinting was performed as previously described (15). Briefly, bacteria were grown on chocolate agar plates and washed off the plates in buffer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microevolution and Patterns of Dissemination of the JP2 Clone of Aggregatibacter ( Actinobacillus ) actinomycetemcomitans

Haubek¹,

2007

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The Use of Recombined Ribosomal RNA Operon (rrn) Type-Specific Flanking Genes to Investigate rrn Differences Between Vibrio parahaemolyticus Environmental and Clinical Strains

et al. 2016

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Genome stability of Propionibacterium acnes: a comprehensive study of indels and homopolymeric tracts

Scholz

Brüggemann

Lomholt

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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We present a species-wide comparative analysis of 90 genomes of Propionibacterium acnes that represent the known diversity of the species. Our results are augmented by six high-quality genomes and a manual investigation of all gene-sized indels found in the strains. Overall, the order of genes is conserved throughout the species. A public sybil database for easy comparative analysis of the 90 genomes was established. The analysis of indels revealed a total of 66 loci of non-core genes that correlate with phylogenetic clades. No gene was strain-specific in agreement with our conclusion that the P. acnes pan-genome is closed. An exhaustive search for homopolymeric tracts (HPTs) identified a total of 54 variable-length HPTs almost exclusively of guanine/cytosines located between genes or affecting the reading frame of genes. The repeat variation was consistent with phylogenetic clades suggesting slow accumulation over time rather than active modification. By transcriptome analysis we demonstrate how an HPT variation can affect the gene expression levels. Selected cases of both indels and HPTs are described. The catalogued data and the public P. acnes Sybil database provide a solid foundation for generating hypotheses and facilitate comparative genetic analyses in future P. acnes research.

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Intragenomic recombination in the highly leukotoxic JP2 clone of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Microevolution and Patterns of Dissemination of the JP2 Clone of Aggregatibacter ( Actinobacillus ) actinomycetemcomitans

Microevolution and Patterns of Dissemination of the JP2 Clone of Aggregatibacter ( Actinobacillus ) actinomycetemcomitans

The Use of Recombined Ribosomal RNA Operon (rrn) Type-Specific Flanking Genes to Investigate rrn Differences Between Vibrio parahaemolyticus Environmental and Clinical Strains

Genome stability of Propionibacterium acnes: a comprehensive study of indels and homopolymeric tracts

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