Intraluminal thrombus in abdominal aortic aneurysm: a friend or a foe?

Simka, Marian; Hobot, Jacek; Skuła, Marcin

doi:10.23736/s0392-9590.19.04244-5

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Products of the degradation of this elastin cause the destruction of the matrix. There is a mural thrombus in the aneurysm, which obstructs the passage of oxygen and nutrients, impacting negatively on the metabolism of the middle layer [18].…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Aaa Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms from the vascular surgeon perspective – knowledge summary

HAUZER¹,

Gnus

HAUZER

et al. 2022

J Educ Health Sport

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Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) affect 2.4% of the population, with men being five times more likely to be affected than women. The development of AAA is linked to changes in the elastin and vascular wall collagen. The enzymes that damage the cell wall are called metalloproteinases. AAA forms as a result of damage to elastic fibres and the loss of the property of reversible deformation of the aortic wall. The degradation of elastin and other stem proteins in the aortic wall is caused by metalloproteinases and serine proteases, accompanied by cysteine proteases and asparagine proteases. Increased calprotectin levels are observed in AAA patients in comparison to patients with a healthy aorta. A significant role in the pathogenesis of AAA and its rupture is played by inflammatory response cells; proteases of the tissue plasma coagulation and fibrinolysis. Plasminogen activator and plasmin accelerate the degradation of the aortic wall. Microbial involvement of C. pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, CMV, and HIV is considered in this inflammatory reaction. The local activation of platelets and the plasma coagulation system leads to the formation of a mural thrombus filling the lumen of the aneurysm. The mural thrombus shows a high tissue factor (TF) activity. The formation of AAA is conditioned by a combination of multiple factors. The factors impacting the formation of AAA discovered so far include genetic factors, sex, age, lifestyle (abuse of alcohol, tobacco misuse, obesity, stress), health conditions (hypertension, high cholesterol level, atherosclerosis), and infectious factors: bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms.

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Section: Pathogenesis Of Aaa Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%