Intramolecular rotational relaxation of compounds which form "twisted intramolecular charge transfer" (TICT) excited states

Rettig, Wolfgang

doi:10.1021/j100208a013

Cited by 85 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…6,42,43 For strongly dipolar species, e.g. the TICT state of dimethylaminobenzonitrile, 44,45 or in donor-acceptor biphenyls, 46 the emission usually shifts to the red in aprotic po- Table 3). …”

Section: Low-temperature Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 98%

Photophysical properties of fluorescence probes I: dialkylamino stilbazolium dyes

Strehmel¹,

Rettig

1996

J. Biomed. Opt.

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The photophysical and photochemical behavior of different isomers of dimethylamino-stilbazolium dyes was investigated in n-alcohols at different temperatures by stationary and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. At room temperature, an efficient nonradiative deactivation k nr was observed, which increases in high-polarity and low-viscosity solvents. For viscosities р 10 cP, k nr possesses a linear viscosity dependence. At low temperatures, the fluorescence spectra show considerable blue shifts, which are absent in solvent polarity changes relative to room temperature, and a spectral narrowing. From the combined quantum yield and lifetime measurements, k nr is shown to decrease strongly with decreasing temperature, by more than two orders of magnitude, and k f is shown to increase. These facts and the observation of an initial lifetime lengthening by increasing the temperature from 77 K indicate several simultaneously emitting states with a temperature-dependent population efficiency. These states were tentatively assigned to several possible single-bond twisted excited conformers. This assignment is supported by the near absence of isomerization.

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Section: Low-temperature Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 98%

Photophysical properties of fluorescence probes I: dialkylamino stilbazolium dyes

Strehmel¹,

Rettig

1996

J. Biomed. Opt.

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“…Over the past years, the photophysical study of donoracceptor systems linked to a chromophore has drawn considerable interest for basic and applied research [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The first observation of dual fluorescence of the model compound 4-N,N 0 -dimethylaminobenzonitrile (DMABN) by Lippert et al [1] was a major breakthrough in the realm of photoinduced donor-acceptor charge transfer process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic study of excited state intramolecular charge transfer in ethyl ester of N,N′-Dimethylaminonaphthyl-(acrylic)-acid

et al. 2007

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“…4-(1-Azetidinyl)benzonitrile (P4C) was synthesized by following method given in literature 42,43 and recrystallized twice from cyclohexane (Merck, Germany). Purity of the compound was then checked by thin layer chromatography and monitoring the excitation wavelength dependence of the fluorescence emission.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excited state charge transfer reaction in (mixed solvent + electrolyte) systems: Role of reactant–solvent and reactant–ion interactions

Gazi

Biswas

2011

J Chem Sci

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Fluorescence spectroscopic techniques have been used to study the excited state intramolecular charge transfer reaction of 4-(1-azetidinyl)benzonitrile (P4C) in two sets of mixed solvents, (1-propanol + ethyl acetate) and (propylene carbonate + acetonitrile), in the absence and presence of a strong electrolyte, lithium perchlorate. These two sets of mixed solvent systems represent binary solvent mixtures of low and high polarities, respectively. Density, sound velocity and viscosity measurements indicate that these two mixed solvent systems are structurally different. Stronger ion-reactant interaction is evidenced in the mole fraction independence of emission frequencies in electrolyte solutions of low polar binary solvent mixtures. For both these mixtures, the reaction driving force (− G r ) decreases with increase in mole fraction of the relatively less polar solvent component of the mixture. Interestingly, − G r increases significantly on addition of electrolyte in low polar mixtures and exhibits mixture composition dependence but, in contrast, − G r in high polar mixtures does not sense variation in mixture composition in presence of electrolyte. This insensitivity to mixture composition for high polar mixtures is also observed for the measured reaction time constant. In addition, the reaction time constant does not sense the presence of electrolyte in the high polar solvent mixtures. The reaction time constant in low polar mixtures, which becomes faster on addition of electrolyte, lengthens on increasing the mole fraction of the relatively less polar solvent component of the mixture. These observations have been qualitatively explained in terms of the measured solvent reorganization energy and reaction driving force by using expressions from the classical theory of electron transfer reaction.

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Intramolecular rotational relaxation of compounds which form "twisted intramolecular charge transfer" (TICT) excited states

Cited by 85 publications

References 9 publications

Photophysical properties of fluorescence probes I: dialkylamino stilbazolium dyes

Photophysical properties of fluorescence probes I: dialkylamino stilbazolium dyes

Spectroscopic study of excited state intramolecular charge transfer in ethyl ester of N,N′-Dimethylaminonaphthyl-(acrylic)-acid

Excited state charge transfer reaction in (mixed solvent + electrolyte) systems: Role of reactant–solvent and reactant–ion interactions

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