Intramural esophageal bronchogenic cysts

Abstract

Bronchogenic cysts are most frequently located in the middle mediastinum near the carina. Esophageal bronchogenic cysts are extremely rare. An intramural esophageal bronchogenic cyst was successfully resected from a 51-year-old man.

Completely intramural bronchogenic cyst of the cervical esophagus in a neonate

“…Early surgical intervention is obviously less traumatic for both patient and surgeon and guidelines for timing need to be established by further research on the natural history of bronchogenic cyst. Transbronchial aspiration and transesophageal needle aspiration have been reported as alternatives to surgical excision, but we do not recommend these procedures because of high risks for recurrence [5,19,21]. Fig.…”

“…Moz et al [19] reported that MRI is valuable for demonstrating the size and shape of a cyst and in determining its position in relation to other structures. Because bronchogenic cysts mostly contain large amounts of proteinaceous material or blood, cysts have high signal intensity on both T1-and T2-weighted images [5,19]. Contrast examinations of the esophagus have also been recommended to assess communication with surrounding structures that may be seen as a smooth luminal indentation, or evidence of extrinsic compression [5,21].…”

“…General complications of bronchogenic cyst are intracystic hemorrhage, infection, or perforation/rupture into the tracheobronchial tree. Other complications due to mass effect including acute respiratory distress and superior vena cava syndrome can also occur and be hazardous [1,5]. Above all, repeated inflammation during conservative follow-up can give rise to ulceration and fistula formation that can increase risks for surgery because of adhesions and disorganized anatomy [1].…”

“…Approximately 90 % of bronchogenic cysts are located in the mediastinum, and one-third are intraparenchymal [1]. Less frequently, lesions have been reported in the posterior and anterior mediastinum in addition to being subdiaphragmatic, retroperitoneal, cervical, or intra-pericardial [5]. Subcutaneous chest or neck presentations have also been described, but are quite rare [3].…”

“…Subcutaneous chest or neck presentations have also been described, but are quite rare [3]. Although periesophageal bronchogenic cysts have been reported, intramural esophageal bronchogenic cysts are extremely uncommon [1,5] although Turkyilmaz et al [1] reported 23 cases of intramural bronchogenic cyst of the esophagus between 1981 and 2006, but none in neonates (Table 1). …”