Intranasal delivery to the brain

Henkin, Robert I.

doi:10.1038/nbt.1866

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Peak blood levels are rapidly attained. 9 As examples, sumatriptan nasal spray 10 and intranasal lidocaine 11 both afford rapid relief from acute migraine. Nicotine nasal spray affords rapid relief from craving in nicotine-dependent individuals.…”

Section: Why Deliver Drugs Intranasally?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intranasal Drug Delivery in Neuropsychiatry: Focus on Intranasal Ketamine for Refractory Depression

Andrade¹

2015

J. Clin. Psychiatry

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Section: Why Deliver Drugs Intranasally?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intranasal Drug Delivery in Neuropsychiatry: Focus on Intranasal Ketamine for Refractory Depression

Andrade¹

2015

J. Clin. Psychiatry

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“…It avoids the gastrointestinal metabolism and hepatic first-pass elimination often associated with the oral route, allowing its use with peptides and protein therapeutics that are typically degraded following oral delivery1. Another emerging attribute of the intranasal delivery route–its ability to potentially target small fractions of therapeutics to the brain by circumventing the blood-brain barrier and blood-CSF barriers–has begun to receive much more attention in the past decade234. Intranasal administration has been shown to have an advantage over other parenteral systemic administration routes for the delivery of biological macromolecules such as peptides56, proteins789, oligonucleotides10 and gene vectors11 to the brain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative vascular permeability and vascularity across different regions of the rat nasal mucosa: implications for nasal physiology and drug delivery

Kumar

Gautam

Lochhead

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Intranasal administration provides a non-invasive drug delivery route that has been proposed to target macromolecules either to the brain via direct extracellular cranial nerve-associated pathways or to the periphery via absorption into the systemic circulation. Delivering drugs to nasal regions that have lower vascular density and/or permeability may allow more drug to access the extracellular cranial nerve-associated pathways and therefore favor delivery to the brain. However, relative vascular permeabilities of the different nasal mucosal sites have not yet been reported. Here, we determined that the relative capillary permeability to hydrophilic macromolecule tracers is significantly greater in nasal respiratory regions than in olfactory regions. Mean capillary density in the nasal mucosa was also approximately 5-fold higher in nasal respiratory regions than in olfactory regions. Applying capillary pore theory and normalization to our permeability data yielded mean pore diameter estimates ranging from 13–17 nm for the nasal respiratory vasculature compared to <10 nm for the vasculature in olfactory regions. The results suggest lymphatic drainage for CNS immune responses may be favored in olfactory regions due to relatively lower clearance to the bloodstream. Lower blood clearance may also provide a reason to target the olfactory area for drug delivery to the brain.

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“…The intranasal administration route holds great promise for delivering therapeutics to the brain because it is simple, rapid, and reduces systemic exposure and adverse effects. 8 Systemic administration by i.v. injections or oral administration is considered to be the most trivial way of administering drugs to patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%