Intranational synergies and trade-offs reveal common and differentiated priorities of sustainable development goals in China

Abstract

Accelerating efforts for the Sustainable Development Goals requires understanding their synergies and trade-offs at the national and sub-national levels, which will help identify the key hurdles and opportunities to prioritize them in an indivisible manner for a country. Here, we present the importance of the 17 goals through synergy and trade-off networks. Our results reveal that 19 provinces show the highest trade-offs in SDG13 (Combating Climate Change) or SDG5 (Gender Equality) consistent with the national level, with other 12 provinces varying. 24 provinces show the highest synergies in SDG1 (No Poverty) or SDG6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) consistent with the national level, with the remaining 7 provinces varying. These common but differentiated SDG priorities reflect that to ensure a coordinated national response, China should pay more attention to the provincial situation, so that provincial governments can formulate more targeted policies in line with their own priorities towards accelerating sustainable development.

From Data to Chemistry: Revealing Causality and Reaction Coordinates through Interpretable Machine Learning in Supramolecular Transition Metal Catalysis

“…By applying the Granger causality model, pioneered in econometrics and widely applied in other scientific fields, [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] we were able to decompose the reaction coordinate into a sequence of molecular motions. The four main components of the reaction coordinate, separated in time and happening as a domino effect, are depicted schematically in Figure 9: i) the calixarene cage tilts perpendicularly to the phenanthroline; ii) the Cu changes coordination to become planar; iii) the C-N bond distance shortens; iv) π-π stacking effects drive the movement of the product inside the cage and below the phenanthroline.…”

“…Another aspect that has until now been neglected in chemistry is causality. While the concept is widespread across various scientific domains 41 -ranging from economics [42][43][44][45][46] and climate research [47][48][49][50][51] to biology 52,53 and medical studies [54][55][56] -it remains surprisingly absent in the field of chemistry. Although a handful of precedents in biomolecular simulations exists, [57][58][59] it has not been explored to study chemical reactions, not to mention transition-metal catalysis.…”