Intraneural stimulation elicits an increase in subcutaneous interstitial glycerol levels in humans

Dodt, Christoph; Lönnroth, Peter; Fehm, Horst L.; Elam, Mikael

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.1999.00545.x

Cited by 32 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In humans, stimulation of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve elicits lipolysis in the innervation area (Dodt et al, 1999). This lipolytic response is attenuated in obese individuals (Dodt et al, 2000).…”

Section: Potential Consequences Of Sympathetic Nervous System Activatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sympathetic nervous system behavior in human obesity

Davy

Orr

2009

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

146

121

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The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) plays an essential role in the regulation of metabolic and cardiovascular homeostasis. Low SNS activity has been suggested to be a risk factor for weight gain and obesity development. In contrast, SNS activation is characteristic of a number of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases that occur more frequently in obese individuals. Until recently, the relation between obesity and SNS behavior has been controversial because previous approaches for assessing SNS activity in humans have produced inconsistent findings. Beginning in the early 1990's, many studies using state of the art neurochemical and neurophysiological techniques have provided important insight. The purpose of the present review is to provide an overview of our current understanding of the regional specific alterations in SNS behavior in human obesity. We will discuss findings from our own laboratory which implicate visceral fat as an important depot linking obesity with skeletal muscle SNS activation. The influence of weight change on SNS behavior and the potential mechanisms and consequences of region specific SNS activation in obesity will also be considered.

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Section: Potential Consequences Of Sympathetic Nervous System Activatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sympathetic nervous system behavior in human obesity

Davy

Orr

2009

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

146

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…2, this is in sharp contrast to findings in lean women of similar age in which the initial nerve searching procedure produced a significant elevation of glycerol release from the stimulated region as compared with the contralateral control region (47 ± 13% higher before 10 min stimulation, P < 0.05). The elevation was further augmented (P < 0.05) by a 10-min intraneural stimulation (72 ± 17% higher than unstimulated control region) (16). The lack of such a lipolytic response in our obese subjects resulted in a significant weight ϫ time interaction (P < 0.05) in an ANOVA, including both obese and lean subjects.…”

Section: Fig 1 Illustration Of Characteristics Of Sympathetic Activmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Seven obese women, age-matched to seven previously investigated lean women (16), participated in the study ( Table 1). All subjects were healthy and without medication, including hormonal contraception.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies from our laboratory on subjects with spinal cord injuries suggested that the neural control of basal WAT lipolysis appears to be insignificant (13). However, neurally mediated sympathoexcitation seems to be an important mechanism to increase WAT lipolysis during maneuvers known to induce lipolysis (13)(14)(15)(16). Consequently, changes in sympathetic control of WAT could play a role in the overall energy balance and the size of the body fat mass.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results showed a significant neurally mediated regional lipolysis in lean female subjects (16). In the present study, we used this in vivo model to compare the lipolytic response of the WAT of obese subjects with the recently observed lipolytic response of lean subjects.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The subcutaneous lipolytic response to regional neural stimulation is reduced in obese women.

et al. 2000

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Disturbed fat tissue metabolism with a reduction of the lipolytic rate could be an important pathogenetic factor in obesity. Lipolysis of the subcutaneous tissue of the thigh is partly under neural control and can be increased by intraneural stimulation of the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve in lean women. In the present study, we tested whether the lipolytic response to intraneural stimulation is altered in vivo in obese subjects. Seven obese women were examined and the results were compared with those of seven age-matched lean women. After an overnight fast, the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve was intraneurally stimulated for 10 min, and the local subcutaneous lipolytic response to this procedure was evaluated with microdialytic measurements of interstitial glycerol concentrations in the receptive field of the stimulated nerve fascicle. To exclude unspecific effects of stimulation, lipolysis was also controlled in a corresponding area of the contralateral leg. Intraneural stimulation produced no significant change in subcutaneous lipolysis in obese women (25.7 ± 9.7%, NS). This finding is in sharp contrast with the marked regional lipolytic response in lean women in which the same stimulation procedure enhanced the regional interstitial glycerol levels by 72 ± 17% (P < 0.05) compared with the unstimulated corresponding area of the contralateral leg. These in vivo results suggest that human obesity is characterized by a profound unresponsiveness of the subcutaneous adipose tissue to neurally stimulated lipolysis. This could be an important factor in the development and treatment of obesity. Diabetes 49:1875-1879, 2000 T he pathogenesis of obesity has been suggested to be intimately linked to the catecholaminergic regulation of lipolysis and the function of the sympathetic nervous system (1-3). Norepinephrine and epinephrine activate lipolysis via ␤ 1 -, ␤ 2 -, and ␤ 3 -adrenoceptors and inhibit it via ␣ 2 -adrenoceptors, and these neurotransmitters are the most important lipolytic substances in vivo (4). Defects of catecholamine-induced lipolysis have been observed in a number of obese subjects, and polymorphisms of the ␤ 2 -(5) and ␤ 3 -receptors (6) were suggested as explanations for this observation.The importance of sympathetic innervation of fat tissue is underlined by the observation that the recently described weight-regulating hormones, leptin (7), and the proopiomelanocorticotropin-derivate ␣-MSH (8) not only reduce appetite but also induce sympathoexcitation via the central nervous system. The relevance of such effects is obvious for the metabolically highly active brown adipose tissue in rats, which is densely innervated by sympathetic nerves directly controlled by autonomic brain stem centers (9-11). By comparison, the innervation of white adipose tissue (WAT) is sparse (12), and its role in regulating fat tissue metabolism is ill defined in humans (9,13). Recent studies from our laboratory on subjects with spinal cord injuries suggested that the neural control of basal WAT lipolysis appears to be i...

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Signaling Pathways Controlling Lipolysis and Lipid Mobilization in Humans

Lafontan

2010

Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease

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Intraneural stimulation elicits an increase in subcutaneous interstitial glycerol levels in humans

Cited by 32 publications

References 42 publications

Sympathetic nervous system behavior in human obesity

Sympathetic nervous system behavior in human obesity

The subcutaneous lipolytic response to regional neural stimulation is reduced in obese women.

Signaling Pathways Controlling Lipolysis and Lipid Mobilization in Humans

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