Intraocular Invasion of Adult T-Cell Leukemia Cells without Systemic Symptoms after Cataract Surgery

Maruyama, Kouichi; Nagata, Kenji; Kojima, Kentaro; Inaba, Toru; Sugita, Sunao; Mochizuki, Manabu; Kinoshita, Shigeru

doi:10.1159/000355486

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…ATL-related ocular diseases are rare (Kamoi and Mochizuki, 2012a), resulting in sporadic case reports. Analyzing such reports, ocular infiltration of ATL was the most frequent manifestation, observed in almost all tissues in and around the eye, and with reports mainly arising from Japan (Goto et al, 1993;Shibata et al, 1997;Mori et al, 2003;Yoshikawa et al, 2005;Miyamura et al, 2009;Liu et al, 2010;Maruyama et al, 2013;Hirano et al, 2017;Shimono et al, 2017;Sabundayo et al, 2018;Yamada et al, 2019), followed by Martinique (Merle et al, 2005(Merle et al, , 2016Fares et al, 2018) and the United States (Liu et al, 2010;Larson et al, 2012). In 2018, our nationwide survey in Japan confirmed that the most frequent ATL-related ocular manifestation was ATL infiltration (Kamoi et al, 2018).…”

Section: Atl and Ocular Diseasesupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Compared with other forms of leukemia, ATL cells are much more adept at infiltrating the eyes (Kamoi et al, 2018). Previous case reports have indicated that ATL cells have the potential to infiltrate into various tissues in the eye such as the orbit (Mori et al, 2003;Fares et al, 2018), conjunctiva (Takahashi et al, 1993), lacrimal glands (Sabundayo et al, 2018), cornea (Buggage et al, 2001;Miyamura et al, 2009), vitreous humor (Ohba et al, 1989;Kohno et al, 1993;Hirata et al, 2002;Maruyama et al, 2013), uvea (Mori et al, 2003), retina (Ohba et al, 1989;Kohno et al, 1993;Hirata et al, 2002), choroid (Liu et al, 2010), and optic nerve (Yamamoto et al, 1994).…”

Section: Infiltrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HTLV-1 in Ophthalmology

Kamoi

2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first retrovirus described as a causative agent for human disease. In the field of ophthalmology, a close relationship between HTLV-1 infection and uveitis was identified through a series of clinical and laboratory studies in the late 1980s-1990s. Since then, HTLV-1-related ocular manifestations such as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, interstitial keratitis, optic neuritis and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL)-related ocular manifestations have continuously been reported. During the three decades since the association between HTLV-1 and ocular pathologies was discovered, ophthalmic practice and research have advanced with the incorporation of new technologies into the field of ophthalmology. Accordingly, new findings from recent research have provided many insights into HTLV-1-associated ocular diseases. Advanced molecular technologies such as multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/broad-range PCR using ocular samples have enabled rapid and accurate diagnosis. Advanced ophthalmic technologies such as widefield fundus camera and optical coherence tomography (OCT) have clarified various features of HTLV-1-associated ocular manifestations, and identified characteristics such as the "knob-like ATL cell multiple ocular infiltration" (KAMOI) sign. Advanced drug delivery methods such as intravitreal injection and sub-Tenon injection have led to progress in preventing disease progression. This article describes global topics and the latest research findings for HTLV-1-associated ocular diseases, with reference to a largescale nationwide survey of ophthalmologists. Current approaches and unmet needs for HTLV-1 infection in ophthalmology are also discussed.

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Section: Atl and Ocular Diseasesupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Infiltrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

HTLV-1 in Ophthalmology

Kamoi

2020

Front. Microbiol.

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“… 6 14 15 In fact, the cytological analysis in our previous study revealed that there were characteristic tumour cells, such as flower cells, found in patients with acute T-cell leukaemia. 15 Multiplex PCR analysis has also been shown to be an effective and useful tool for diagnosing infectious uveitis. 9 Therefore, when evaluating patient vitreous samples, the combination of cell analysis and multiplex PCR examination is considered to be one of the most powerful diagnostic tools currently available for diagnosing infectious uveitis ( figure 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis of vitreous specimens for uveitis classification: a prospective multicentre observational study

Maruyama

Inaba

Sugita³

et al. 2017

BMJ Open

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PurposeTo determine the clinical relevance of vitreous biomarkers in patients with uveitis.DesignMulticentre, prospective, observational study.SettingUveitis outpatient clinics of two academic medical centres in Japan.Patient populationThis study included 234 eyes of 191 patients with various uveitis aetiologies: definitive sarcoidosis (61 eyes of 46 patients), suspected sarcoidosis (60 eyes of 45 patients), intraocular tumour (34 eyes of 27 patients), viral infection (20 eyes of 18 patients), non-sarcoidosis (16 eyes of 16 patients) and unknown aetiology (43 eyes of 39 patients).Observation procedureVitreous samples (taken by pars planta vitrectomy) were analysed with flow cytometry, cytology and multiplex PCR analysis.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome measures were the diagnostic values of various biomarkers (T cells, B cells and pathogen DNA) in vitreous samples. The secondary outcome was visual acuity after vitrectomy.ResultsSarcoidosis showed higher CD4/CD8 or CD4+measurements than other aetiologies (p<0.01). In samples with viral infection, pathogen DNA was detected, and CD8+counts were higher than the other aetiologies (p<0.01). Eyes with tumour had higher CD19+(p<0.05). Non-sarcoidosis had lower CD4/CD8 than sarcoidosis, higher CD8+than sarcoidosis and lower CD19+than tumour (p<0.01). Unknown uveitis had lower CD4/CD8 than sarcoidosis (p<0.01), and higher CD4/CD8 than non-sarcoidosis, viral infection or tumour (p<0.001). Visual acuity improved after vitrectomy (p<0.001).ConclusionsUveitis aetiologies had distinct vitreous biomarker profiles, especially of infiltrating lymphocytes. Analyses of CD4/CD8 ratio, T-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte subset, and pathogen DNA in vitreous samples have good safety profiles and high diagnostic value for uveitis classification.Trial registration numberUMIN000004980; Pre-results.

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“…In the posterior segment, phlebitis and vitreitis with snowball-like vitreous opacities are common findings in sarcoidosis uveitis. [14] Moreover, persistent ocular chronic inflammation can cause epiretinal membrane and cystoid macular edema, leading to severe visual impairment. [15,16] Internationally acknowledged criteria have been established for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis with ocular involvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitreous lavage fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid have equal diagnostic value in sarcoidosis

et al. 2016

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Here, we elucidate the immunological features of both bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and vitreous lavage fluid (VLF) samples from patients with histopathologically verified sarcoidosis. In addition, we assess the safety of vitrectomy in sarcoidosis patients by investigating the occurrence of complications and the recovery of visual acuity.Twenty-two eyes of 22 patients with tissue-proven sarcoidosis were enrolled in this study. BALF and VLF samples were obtained and compared in each patient, and the clinical course (including visual acuity) was followed. The presence of sarcoidosis was assessed with a flow cytometric analysis of T-lymphocytes in the BALF and VLF samples.Our results indicated that the CD4 T-cell population and the CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly higher in the VLF T-lymphocytes than the BALF T-lymphocytes. On the other hand, the CD8+ T-cell population was significantly lower in the VLF T-lymphocytes.Therefore, our findings suggest that VLF samples have a high diagnostic value (equal to that of BALF samples) for sarcoidosis. Moreover, we found that the sample collection did not affect visual acuity and that there were no adverse events after surgery. A flow cytometric analysis of a VLF sample may therefore be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.

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Intraocular Invasion of Adult T-Cell Leukemia Cells without Systemic Symptoms after Cataract Surgery

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

HTLV-1 in Ophthalmology

HTLV-1 in Ophthalmology

Comprehensive analysis of vitreous specimens for uveitis classification: a prospective multicentre observational study

Vitreous lavage fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid have equal diagnostic value in sarcoidosis

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