Intraocular Pressure Control with Latanoprost in Older Glaucoma Patients: A Cross-sectional Analysis from Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Introduction: Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, is primarily progressed by intraocular pressure (IOP). Managing this pressure is crucial for slowing down the deterioration of the visual field and optic nerve damage. Latanoprost, a prostaglandin analogue, has emerged as an effective option for reducing IOP in glaucoma patients. This study aims to address the gap in understanding the effectiveness of latanoprost in managing increased IOP within the Saudi population, a demographic that has been underrepresented in previous research. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 2736 participants, all diagnosed with glaucoma and aged 40 years and above, selected using a random sampling method from various healthcare facilities across Saudi Arabia. The study spanned 9 months, employing structured questionnaires and medical records review for the data collection. The primary dependent variable was the relationship between latanoprost use and IOP reduction. Statistical analyses included correlation and Chi-square tests. Results: The study found that most participants experienced significant IOP reduction after using latanoprost, with over one-third reporting more than 30% reduction. The factors enhancing the drug’s effectiveness included the frequency of use, duration of treatment and patient demographic characteristics such as age and gender. Most participants found latanoprost eye drops convenient to use and side effects were in line with those reported in other demographics. Conclusion: The study provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of latanoprost in controlling IOP amongst the Saudi Arabian population. It emphasises the importance of considering individual patient characteristics in glaucoma management could enhance therapeutic outcomes. These findings contribute to a better understanding of latanoprost’s role in different demographic contexts and offer guidance for personalised treatment strategies.