Intraoral scanner and stereographic 3D print in prosthodontics: three-year evaluation of in vitro and in vivo approaches

Abstract

In prosthodontics, 3D printing primarily relies on intraoral scanners equipped with a handheld camera, computer, and software. These scanners capture and reconstruct the three-dimensional geometry of the dental arch. Traditional plaster models of teeth are typically obtained through an impression process, where the choice of appropriate impression material is determined by the desired model type. Subsequently, the dental impression is covered with plaster in the laboratory. Three-dimensional (3D) printing, formerly an industrial technology with a development history spanning over forty years, is based on creating a 3D model of any shape from a digitally prepared scan, employing an addition of selected material. The thickness of the layers in the printing process depends on the technology of the used printer and the quality of the print. The layers are systematically applied, and cured, and, after this process, a complete model is generated. 3D printing can be utilized to prepare models for various applications, including prosthodontics, orthodontics, surgery, and more. Our study aimed to assess stereolithography-printed models in vitro and in vivo over the last three years.