Intraspecific cytotypic variation and complicated genetic structure in the <i>Phlox amabilis–P. woodhousei</i> (Polemoniaceae) complex

Fehlberg, Shannon D.; Ferguson, Carolyn

doi:10.3732/ajb.1100540

Cited by 26 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 77 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In particular, the alpine population (TRP051), collected at the highest elevation, exhibited smaller vegetative and reproductive organs (including seed weight), more prostrate growth habit, and higher stolon density than any tested population; the subalpine population (TRP046), collected at the lowest elevation, tended towards the opposite features and approached the plant size of the Ladino wild population; the population from northern Apennines (TRP042) was intermediate between TRP051 and TRP046, except for its higher inflorescence production. Therefore, each allele classified in a presence/absence (1/0) format was treated as an independent dominant loci in following statistical analyses, as performed in earlier diversity studies on white clover (George et al, 2006) and a number of studies on other polyploid species (e.g., Fehlberg and Ferguson, 2012). The Fries-Groninger landrace displayed outstanding earliness of flowering and highest seed weight, along with intermediate values of the other traits.…”

Section: Morphophysiological Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As reported in previous studies on white clover (George et al, 2006), several SSR markers exhibited more than two allelic variants, because they amplified in two homeologous loci. Therefore, each allele classified in a presence/absence (1/0) format was treated as an independent dominant loci in following statistical analyses, as performed in earlier diversity studies on white clover (George et al, 2006) and a number of studies on other polyploid species (e.g., Fehlberg and Ferguson, 2012). Population allele frequencies were estimated by assuming equal dosage of polymorphic alleles within an individual.…”

Section: Morphophysiological Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Origin of Ladino White Clover as Inferred from Patterns of Molecular and Morphophysiological Diversity

Annicchiarico

Carelli

2014

Crop Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Ladino type of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) evolved in the Lombardy plain and has largely been used for cultivation and breeding. Different authors hypothesized its origin from Dutch white clover (domesticated in the 16th century) rather than indigenous wild populations. This study aimed to provide insight into the origin of Ladino, as well as assessing the consistency between morphophysiological and simple sequence repeats (SSR) marker information and the extent of among‐population and within‐population genetic variation in white clover. One landrace and one wild population of Ladino, four Italian non‐Ladino wild populations collected along a latitudinal gradient at different elevations, and one Fries–Groninger (Dutch) landrace, were evaluated for 10 morphophysiological traits. Twenty‐five individuals per population were genotyped by 32 well‐distributed SSR markers. Population ordination and classification of molecular diversity based on Nei's (1972) or Reynolds’ distance, and structure analysis, did not support the origin of Ladino from Dutch germplasm. Molecular marker‐based ordination of the Italian wild populations reflected the geographical and altitudinal similarity of their collecting sites. Within‐population molecular variation did not differ among populations, and was about 10‐fold greater than among‐population variation. Morphophysiological diversity of the populations was substantially unrelated to molecular diversity, while reflecting evolutionary adaptation to environments of origin.

show abstract

Section: Morphophysiological Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morphophysiological Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of Ladino White Clover as Inferred from Patterns of Molecular and Morphophysiological Diversity

Annicchiarico

Carelli

2014

Crop Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This confusion may adversely affect breeding efforts, and highlights the need for a resolved molecular phylogeny and the use of additional markers, such as genome size and ploidy. A potentially confounding factor in the taxonomic relationship of these species is the recent evidence for extensive cytotype variation in populations of other Phlox species, including tetraploids in Phlox pilosa; tetraploids, pentaploids, and hexaploids in Phlox amabilis and Phlox woodhousei; tetraploids and hexaploids in Phlox nana; and tetraploids in Phlox subulata (Fehlberg and Ferguson, 2012a;Flory, 1934;Smith and Levin, 1967;Worcester et al, 2012;Wright, 2014). We have also identified polyploid populations of P. pilosa and P. subulata (Zale, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Size and Ploidy of Phlox paniculata and Related Germplasm in Subsections Paniculatae and Phlox

Zale¹,

Jourdan²

2015

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phlox is an important genus of herbaceous ornamental plants previously targeted for germplasm development, characterization, and enhancement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Plant Germplasm System. Among Phlox in cultivation, Phlox paniculata is the most widely grown and intensively bred species, but little is known about variation in genome size and ploidy of this species or of related taxa that may be used for germplasm enhancement. The objective of this study was to assess cytotype variation in a diverse collection of cultivars and wild germplasm of P. paniculata (subsection Paniculatae) and of related taxa in subsections Paniculatae and Phlox. The collection included 138 accessions from seven species and two interspecific hybrids. Flow cytometry was used to estimate holoploid (2C) genome sizes and to infer ploidy levels. Chromosome counts were made to calibrate ploidy with genome size for a subset of taxa. Most cultivars were diploid (2n = 2x = 14) and had mean genome sizes that did not vary between subsections Paniculatae (14.33 pg) and Phlox (14.23 pg) although size variation was greater among cultivars within subsection Phlox. Triploid cultivars of P. paniculata, with a mean genome size of 21.36 pg and mitotic chromosome counts of 2n = 3x = 21, were identified. Such triploids suggests previous interploid hybridization within this taxon. Five tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28) cultivars were found in subsection Phlox; all were selections of P. glaberrima ssp. triflora, and had a mean genome size of 25.44 pg; chromosome counts in one of these confirmed they were tetraploid. The putative hybrid Phlox Suffruticosa Group 'Miss Lingard' showed an intermediate genome size of 21.21 pg supporting a triploid, hybrid origin of this taxon. Mean 2C genome sizes among wild-collected accessions were similar to values reported for cultivars (Paniculatae = 14.59 pg, Phlox = 14.23 pg), but taxa in subsection Phlox exhibited greater variation that included two tetraploids identified among wild-collected accessions; one, of P. pulchra, had a mean genome size of 26.17 pg, representing the first report of polyploidy in the taxon. This is the first report on genome size for the majority of species in the study. Although genome size could not be used to differentiate taxa in subsections Paniculatae and Phlox, the data provide further insights into cytotype variation of Phlox germplasm useful for plant breeders and systematists.

show abstract

“…We computed the number of unique alleles per population and assessed within‐population genetic diversity by calculating for each population: (i) the mean number of alleles per locus, using Polysat; (ii) the per cent of polymorphic alleles and the mean unbiased expected heterozygosity ( H e ), using the software GenAlEx. The latter information related to individual alleles classified in a presence/absence (1/0) format and treated as if they were independent dominant loci, as already performed in a number of studies on polyploid species (e.g., Fehlberg & Ferguson, ). Under the same assumption, we estimated the polymorphic information content (PIC) of each marker as the average of the values computed for its individual alleles according to Botstein, White, Skolnick, and Davis () through the software PowerMarker.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure of putative heterotic populations of alfalfa

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Semi‐hybrids between genetically distant alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp. sativa) populations may display heterosis whose extent is affected by the structure of genetic diversity across populations. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity across three putative heterotic populations, one Italian, one Egyptian and one of semi‐erect germplasm from Eastern Europe, Canada and Spanish Mielga (EECM population). Each population was bred from ten parents after various selection cycles. Fifteen genotypes per population were characterized by 20 polymorphic SSR markers. The among‐population variance was over eightfold smaller than the average within‐population variance (2.05 vs. 17.24) and accounted for 10.6% of the total variation. G’ST = .090 across markers indicated modest population differentiation. Various diversity measures, multidimensional scaling, and cluster analysis of the genetic structure indicated that the Italian population was more distant from the EECM population than the Egyptian one. The EECM and Egyptian populations were the most distant geographically and genetically. EECM displayed widest intrapopulation variation, accordingly to its constitutive geographical diversity. In conclusion, this study indicates modest genetic differentiation between alfalfa populations even for geographically distant germplasm.

show abstract

Intraspecific cytotypic variation and complicated genetic structure in the Phlox amabilis–P. woodhousei (Polemoniaceae) complex

Cited by 26 publications

References 77 publications

Origin of Ladino White Clover as Inferred from Patterns of Molecular and Morphophysiological Diversity

Origin of Ladino White Clover as Inferred from Patterns of Molecular and Morphophysiological Diversity

Genome Size and Ploidy of Phlox paniculata and Related Germplasm in Subsections Paniculatae and Phlox

Genetic structure of putative heterotic populations of alfalfa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About