Intraspecific karyotype divergence inTriticum araraticum (Poaceae)

Single-copy gene fluorescence in situ hybridization and genome analysis: Acc-2 loci mark evolutionary chromosomal rearrangements in wheat

“…araraticum Jakubz., a wild relative of T. timopheevii (Badaeva et al 1994). Five chromosome pairs, two belonging to the A t genome and three to the G genome, had Acc-2 loci on their long arms.…”

“…1A t L (FLcDNA 1L-1 co-localized with Acc-2 probe), 4A t L, -2 Acc-2 foci, (FLcDNAs 4S-1, 4L-1 co-localized with Acc-2 probe) 1GL, 3GL, 5GL, (FLcDNAs 1S-1, 1L-2, 3S-2; 5S-1, 5L-1, co-localized with GAA) 3 sequences (Badaeva et al 1994) * On some chromosomal spreads it is possible to distinguish two sites of Acc-2 probe hybridization on the same chromatid of a chromosome which can be the evidence of multiple copies of the gene present on the same chromosome (Supplemental figure 6). (Rayburn and Gill 1986;Nagaki et al 1995), X76300 (Vershinin et al 1994) 3 pAs1-2 6-FAM-TCAGAGTTCATTTGAAATGCTTTTCA 4 NOR 6-FAM-TGGCGCGCGTCAACTTCCGTC 100 X07841 (pTa71) (Barker et al 1988) 5 pTa71…”

“…Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes containing a GAAsatellite sequence produced patterns similar to N-banding or C-banding on chromosomes of barley, rye, wheat, and Aegilops species (Gerlach 1977;Pedersen et al 1996). Chromosome identification using repeated DNA probes is difficult because the abundance and distribution of repetitive elements can vary among homologous chromosomes within a species (Friebe and Gill 1994), or among chromosomes of closely related species (Badaeva et al 1994;Dedkova et al 2007). …”

Chromosomal Changes over the Course of Polyploid Wheat Evolution and Domestication

“…It might be occurred as a result of three subsequent translocations and, in turn, gave rise to another variant of multiple translocations found in Nakhichevan. Another translocation series was also observed in Armenia (Badaeva et al 1994 ).…”

“…, experiments with Genomic in situ Hybridization (GISH) and the construction of high-density molecular and genetic maps of common wheat and T. timopheevii showed that the emergence of polyploid wheats was accompanied by species-specifi c chromosomal rearrangements: translocation 4A-5A-7B with subsequent pericentric inversion in the chromosome 4A in Emmer group and 1G-4G-6A t +3A t -4A t in Timopheevi group (Jiang and Gill 1994 ;Liu et al 1992 ;Naranjo et al 1987 ;Rodríguez et al 2000 ;Salina et al 2006 ). Further analyses of intraspecifi c and interspecifi c diversity in various wheat species revealed differences between species as well as between geographic populations of the same species with respect to nuclear and cytoplasmic genome polymorphisms (Kilian et al 2007 ;Mori et al 2009 ;Salamini et al 2002 ), isozyme and storage protein spectra (Belay 2000 ;Nishikawa 1984 ), and C-banding patterns and chromosomal rearrangements (Badaeva et al 1994 ;Dedkova et al 2009 ;Kawahara 1997 ;Kawahara and Taketa 2000 ;Taketa and Kawahara 1996 ). These studies however included a limited number of species, which does not allow obtaining a general overview of the wheat genome evolution.…”