Intrathecal zidovudine for AIDS dementia

Routy, J. P.; Blanc, A. P.; Rodriguez, E.; Escoffier, M.; Joliot, Y.; Kiegel, P.; Viallet, Fabienne; Chardón, H.

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)91774-5

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…3) (60). Dies gilt selbst bei intrathekaler Zidovudingabe, was aber als Routineapplikation sicher nicht in Frage kommt (61). Die neurologischen Langzeitnebenwirkungen am peripheren Nervensystem und an der Muskulatur scheinen hingegen nach etwa einem Jahr Therapie nicht selten zu sein, so daB sie für die Behandlung begrenzend werden können (8,25).…”

Section: Therapieunclassified

Neuro-AIDS - Aktuelle Entwicklungen

Enzensberger¹

1991

Akt Neurol

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Section: Therapieunclassified

Neuro-AIDS - Aktuelle Entwicklungen

Enzensberger¹

1991

Akt Neurol

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“…Although the ependymal cells that line the ventricles and the pial-glial membranes do not present a barrier between CSF and brain extracellular fluid (ECF), it is generally accepted that the brain penetration of most intracerebroventricularly administered agents is minimal. 3 Electron micrographs of brain parenchyma demonstrate that the extracellular space between adjacent cells is extremely tortuous. The rate of penetration of a compound into brain tissue from CSF is primarily determined by its aqueous diffusion constant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zidovudine Transport within the Rabbit Brain during Intracerebroventricular Administration and the Effect of Probenecid

Wang

Wei

Sawchuk³

1997

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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The elimination of zidovudine (AZT) from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), its distribution from CSF to brain tissue, and its transport from brain extracellular fluid (ECF) to plasma were studied during intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion in unanesthetized rabbits. The effect of probenecid (PBD) on these transport processes was also studied. The concentration of AZT in brain ECF was measured by microdialysis with retrodialysis calibration for in vivo recovery. Plasma and CSF were sampled and analyzed for AZT and PBD using HPLC. The elimination of AZT from CSF showed nonlinear characteristics as the i.c.v. infusion rate was increased to 1 mg/h kg. The estimated maximum transport capacity and dissociation constant were 3.5 micrograms/min kg and 127 micrograms/mL, respectively. The total linear elimination clearance from CSF was 0.0073 mL/min kg. The spatial distribution of AZT in brain during i.c.v. infusion was simulated using a mathematical model which describes diffusive solute transport in brain ECF and efflux across the blood-brain barrier. This analysis yielded a brain to plasma efflux rate constant of 0.040/min. This parameter and the elimination clearance from CSF decreased significantly by the end of an 8-hour period during which PBD was infused intravenously at a rate of 15 mg/h kg.

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Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Patients With Advanced HIV Infection Treated With Zidovudine

Moore

Kessler

Richman

et al. 1991

JAMA

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We wished to determine the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus-related high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and identify factors associated with the development of NHL in patients receiving zidovudine. Data are from a 2-year prospective, observational, multisite study of 1030 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and advanced AIDS-related complex who received zidovudine. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma developed in 24 (2.3%) of 1030 patients who received zidovudine during 1463 person-years of follow-up (rate, 1.6 per 100 person-years of therapy). The relative hazard for development of NHL was stable throughout 2 years of therapy, with the risk of developing NHL 0.8% for each additional 6 months of therapy. Factors associated with development of NHL were a prior diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma, herpes simplex virus infection, or lower mean neutrophil count. Less strongly associated was a prior diagnosis of oral hairy leukoplakia or homosexual transmission of HIV. By Cox proportional hazards analysis, a prior diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma, cytomegalovirus disease, or oral hairy leukoplakia was most strongly associated with development of NHL. Our study demonstrates a relatively high incidence of NHL in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease who are undergoing antiretroviral therapy and suggests possible risk factors for development of NHL.

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Intrathecal zidovudine for AIDS dementia

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Neuro-AIDS - Aktuelle Entwicklungen

Neuro-AIDS - Aktuelle Entwicklungen

Zidovudine Transport within the Rabbit Brain during Intracerebroventricular Administration and the Effect of Probenecid

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Patients With Advanced HIV Infection Treated With Zidovudine

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