Intrathyroidal parathyroid adenoma mimicking thyroid cancer

Papanikolaou, Achilles; Katsamakas, Michael; Boudina, Maria; Pamporaki, Christina; Intzidis, Ippokratis; Kiziridou, Anastasia; Kleidaradaki, Evangelia; Rakitzi, Pantelitsa; Venetsanaki, Vasiliki; Chrisoulidou, Alexandra

doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej19-0594

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A previously mentioned case that was published in 2011, introduces a female with giant mediastinal PTA measuring 7x5x4 cm and weighing 145 g (PTH of 642 pg/ml and calcium of 13.2 mg/dl) (24). Intra-thyroid PTA of large dimensions have been reported (32,33). For instance, Yalcin et al published such a case of a 76-year-old female with preoperative biochemistry revealing hypercalcemia (12 mg/dl) with high levels of parathyroid hormone (512 pg/ml), and a lesion of 2.4x1.9x1.6 cm (33).…”

Section: Ectopic Pta Of Large Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review)

et al. 2021

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Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), an endocrine condition caused by a parathyroid adenoma (PTA) in 80-85% of the cases, has shifted in the modern era to a mildly symptomatic phenotype due to the prompt recognition of hypercalcemia and to a minimally invasive surgical approach which has a curative potential. Clinical complications of PHTH are either related to high calcium or parathyroid hormone [also parathormone (PTH)] or both, while the originating tumor typically is small, without local mass effects. A distinct entity is represented by giant PTA (GPTA) which is considered at a weight of more than 3 (3.5) grams. The present article is a review of the literature involving practical points of non-syndromic PHPT-related GPTA. Most authors agree that pre-operatory calcium and PTH are higher in GPTA vs. non-GPTA. However, the clinical presentation of PHPT may be less severe, probably due to local mass effects that bring the patient to an early medical evaluation. Age distribution, sex ratio, rate of successful pre-operatory location do not differ from non-giant PTA. Hypovitaminosis D is more frequent in PTA of higher dimensions. Post-operative hypocalcemia, but not recurrent/persistent PHPT, is expected, even hungry bone disease. A higher rate of atypia is described although the tumor is mostly benign. Unusual presentations such as cystic transformation, initial diagnosis during pregnancy or auto-infarction have been reported. The ectopic localization of PTA presented in almost 15% of all cases may also be found in GPTA. What are the exact cutoffs for defining GPTA is still an open issue. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Aim 3. Giant parathyroid adenoma: Concept around the size considerations 4. Pre-operative biological correlates 5. Relationship with vitamin D status 6. Histological issues 7. Ectopic PTA of large dimensions 8. Risk of post-operative hypocalcemia 9. Future considerations 10. Conclusions

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Section: Ectopic Pta Of Large Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table I introduces the review of the literature of cases/studies identified between 2010 and 2020 available via PubMed in the field of HPTH-related GPTA (11,(13)(14)(15)(16)18,19,21,23,25,27,29,30,(32)(33)(34)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)43,.…”

Section: Future Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review)

et al. 2021

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“…It has been found that parathyroid and thyroid glands share homology in the embryonic stage, adjacency after maturation, and some similarities in the process of cell proliferation and development. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the relationship between the two disease states [4][5][6][7]. The glycosphingolipid patterns of human parathyroid glands and thyroid glands are very similar, according to studies, and GD1a is expressed on the cell surface of parathyroid glands and in the cytoplasm of thyroid glands [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Key Genes in Differentiating Parathyroid Adenoma From Thyroid Adenoma

Lin

Mou

et al. 2023

Horm Metab Res

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Recent studies have demonstrated the close relationship between parathyroid adenoma(PA) and thyroid follicular adenoma(FTA). However, the underlying pathogenesis remains unknown. This study focused on exploring common pathogenic genes, as well as the pathogenesis of these two diseases, through bioinformatics methods. This work obtained PA and FTA datasets from the Integrated Gene Expression Database to identify the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of two diseases. The functions of the genes were investigated by GO and KEGG enrichment. The program CytoHubba was used to select the hub genes, while receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive significance of the hub genes. The DGIbd database was used to identify gene-targeted drugs. This work detected a total of 77 DEGs. Enrichment analysis demonstrated that DEGs had activities of 3’,5'-cyclic AMP, and nucleotide phosphodiesterases and were associated with cell proliferation. NOS1, VWF, TGFBR2, CAV1, and MAPK1 were identified as hub genes after verification. The area under the curve of PA and FTA was > 0.7, and the hub genes participated in the Relaxin Signaling Pathway, focal adhesion, and other pathways. The construction of the mRNA-miRNA interaction network yielded 11 important miRNAs, while gene-targeting drug prediction identified four targeted drugs with possible effects. This bioinformatics study demonstrated that cell proliferation and tumor suppression, the hub genes co-occurring in PA and FTA, have important effects on the occurrence and progression of two diseases, which make them potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

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“…2,3 In rare cases, the gland will become completely encased in the thyroid parenchyma. 4,5 Several studies have established that addition of SPECT/CT can offer good accuracy and provide precise anatomical localization of parathyroid adenomas. 6,7 When it is suspected that there is an intrathyroidal parathyroid lesion, it is necessary to carefully analyze the relationship between the abnormal parathyroid tissue and normal thyroid tissue in the cross-sectional, coronal, and sagittal planes to confirm whether it is partially intrathyroidal or completely intrathyroidal because ipsilateral thyrotomy or subtotal thyroid lobectomy may still be a potential treatment for hyperparathyroidism, when a presumably diseased parathyroid gland is missing and intrathyroidal parathyroid lesion is suspected.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the intrathyroidal parathyroid glands, most of them span the thyroid capsule and are only partially intrathyroidal 2,3 . In rare cases, the gland will become completely encased in the thyroid parenchyma 4,5 . Several studies have established that addition of SPECT/CT can offer good accuracy and provide precise anatomical localization of parathyroid adenomas 6,7 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%