Intratribal genetic differentiation among the Yanomama Indians of southern Venezuela.

Arends, Tulio; Brewer, Grace E.; Chagnon, Napoleon A.; Gallango, María L.; Gershowitz, Henry; Layrisse, Miguel; Neel, James V.; Shreffler, Donald C.; Tashian, Richard E.; Weitkamp, Lowell R.

doi:10.1073/pnas.57.5.1252

Cited by 62 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…For this purpose we have employed 14 allelic fre quencies (13,54,56,57), 12 anthropometric measurements (12, 58), 8 dental characteristics (59), and 15 demographic traits (60). The number of villages for which allelic frequency data are now available (50) far exceeds the number for which we have "adequate" anthropometric data (19), der matoglyphic data (7), or dental data (7); for this reason the allelic frequency data receive major attention.…”

Section: Genetic Microdifferentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Population Structure of an Amerindian Tribe, the Yanomama

Neel¹

1978

Annu. Rev. Genet.

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Section: Genetic Microdifferentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Population Structure of an Amerindian Tribe, the Yanomama

Neel¹

1978

Annu. Rev. Genet.

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“…Since the first genetic studies on the Yanomama, the Makiritare, and their neighboring populations from Venezuala and northern Brazil (Layrisse et al, 1962;Arends et al, 1967Arends et al, , 1970Chagnon et al, 1970;Gershowitz et al, 1970Gershowitz et al, , 1972Ward et al, 1970Ward et al, , 1975Weitkamp and Neel, 1970;Ward and Neel, 1976;Neel et al, 1977Neel et al, , 1980Neel, 1978;Smouse and Ward, 1978), the Amazonian Native populations have gathered much interest from the genetic point of view and reports are nowadays numerous for the classical markers (Matson et al, 1968;Geerdink et al, 1974a,b;Kirk et al, 1974;Black et al, 1988;Salzano et al, 1988Salzano et al, , 1997aCallegari-Jacques and Salzano, 1989;Callegari-Jacques et al, 1994;Cavalli-Sforza et al, 1994;Olsson et al, 1998;Santos et al, 1998;Battilana et al, 2002;Barjas-Castro et al, 2003). Recently, molecular genetics is also yielding inferences for the present and past societies of this peculiar area of South America (Ribeiro dos Santos et al, 1996;Bortolini et al, 1998;Fagundes et al, 2002;Dornelles et al, 2004Dornelles et al, , 2005Kohlrausch et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic studies in French Guiana populations: Synthesis

Mazières

Sevin

Bonnet

et al. 2006

American J Phys Anthropol

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Twelve blood group and protein systems from a total of 819 individuals from six tribal groups (Apalaí-Wayana, Emerillon, Kaliña, Palikur Wayampi, and Wayana) living in French Guiana and Brazil were compared with each other and integrated with previous results from 17 other South Amerindian populations studied for the same genetic markers. Using correspondence analysis, map methodologies, and maximum linkage cluster analysis developed with the UPGMA method, we attempted to establish the genetic position of these tribes among South American Indians. Peripheral positions for the Emerillon and the Palikur were observed. Ethnohistorical data in French Guiana suggest that a strong founder effect for the former and endogamy for the latter could have generated the genetic differentiation of these two ethnic groups. However, when considered in a wider context, all French Guiana Natives cluster together in an intermediate position as compared with 17 other Amerindian groups studied for the comparison.

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“…With respect to the former point, the apparent relatively constant rate of substitution of amino acids in various lines of descent, we suggest that this may be related to factors of breeding structure (for example, small effective population size correlated with longer generation time), so that the apparent time independence is a misleading coincidence. Incidentally, some of the Indian villages included in this survey are lacking genes present in other villages in frequencies as high as 0.24 (Arends et al 3), pointing to the possibility of gene fixation at the time of fission rather than through subsequent selection and drift. Similarly, one must consider the possibility that sometimes the amino acid substitutions which distinguish species arise very early in the course of speciation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Village and Tribal Genetic Distances among American Indians, and the Possible Implications for Human Evolution

Neel

Ward

1970

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Abstract. Pair-wise genetic distances based on six genetic systems (Rh, MNSs, Kidd, Duffy, Diego, and haptoglobins) are presented for seven villages of Makiritare Indians, seven villages of Yanomama Indians, and 12 Indian tribes of Central and South America. It is shown that the mean genetic distance between Indian villages is 85-90 per cent of the distance between tribes. Since in the past, the initial event in the formation of a new tribe was probably the breaking away of one or several related villages from an established tribe, it is clear that this initial event could have profound consequences for subsequent tribal gene frequencies. By the criterion of changes in gene frequency in polymorphic genetic systems, the maximal rate of evolution in the American Indian has been approximately 100 times more rapid than the mean rate suggested by calculations based on amino acid substitutions in certain polypeptides of a variety of organisms. The above-mentioned findings could account in part for this 100-fold difference. Some other factors which might diminish the apparent difference between the results of these two types of calculations are mentioned.

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Intratribal genetic differentiation among the Yanomama Indians of southern Venezuela.

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

The Population Structure of an Amerindian Tribe, the Yanomama

The Population Structure of an Amerindian Tribe, the Yanomama

Genetic studies in French Guiana populations: Synthesis

Village and Tribal Genetic Distances among American Indians, and the Possible Implications for Human Evolution

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