Intratympanic Membrane Congenital Cholesteatoma Removal Using an Endoscopic System: A Case Report

Intratympanic membrane cholesteatoma after traumatic tympanic membrane perforation: a case report

“…However, in a systematic review by Ching et al ., 51% of patients with ITMC had no history of previous otitis media. They reported that ITMC could be congenital because most patients were young children, with a mean age of 3 years, and there was a significant positive correlation between patient age and ITMC size, indicating that the congenital cholesteatoma gradually grew over time [ 1 , 2 ]. Reports have suggested that the persistence of embryonic epithelial rests, which do not disappear after they contribute to tympanic membrane and tympanic ring development, could result in ITMC [ 6 ].…”

“…Thus, invasion into the middle ear can be avoided [ 2 ]. Many reported cases of ITMC showed intact fibrous layer of the tympanic membrane and no middle ear invasion after enucleation of ITMC [ 1 , 2 , 5 – 7 ]. On the basis of these reports, surgical removal of ITMC may be delayed until 1 or 2 years of age [ 2 ].…”

“…On the basis of a systematic review, most patients (93%) were treated with a transcanal approach [ 2 ]. Other studies reported using surgical removal with an endoscope [ 1 ], and carbon dioxide laser enabled ablation and resection without any endaural incision [ 10 ]. Recurrence of congenital ITMC is reported less frequently than middle ear cholesteatoma recurrence [ 5 ].…”

“…Congenital cholesteatoma in the middle ear is commonly observed in children [ 1 ]. However, cholesteatoma in the tympanic membrane is rare [ 2 ].…”

Tympanic membrane cholesteatoma: A case report in an adult and a child

“…In 1997, Weber and Adkins described three other cases of TMC in children with no previous otologic history [5]. More recently, in 2016 and 2019, Predruzzi et al and Cheon et al respectively described the cases of patients with this pathology, each of these cases had a small mass on the external surface of the TM [6,7].…”