Intrauterine Devices and Acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Faulkner, William L.; Ory, Howard W.

doi:10.1001/jama.1976.03260430021016

Cited by 76 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In the mid and late 1970s, multiple studies confirmed the Dalkon Shield's strong association with pelvic inflammatory disease [44] [45], spontaneous abortion [46], ectopic pregnancy, and infertility [47] [48]. These studies led to recommendations that IUDs should be avoided in nulliparous women, teenagers, and populations at increased risk for PID [49].…”

Section: Dalkon Shield Fall-outmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Tail Strings: Impact of the Dalkon Shield 40 Years Later

Roepke¹,

Schaff²

2014

OJOG

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Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are the most effective, reversible and longest acting birth control method. They require no effort for compliance and avoid systemic synthetic hormones. Evidencebased effectiveness and safety studies have demonstrated IUDs rival sterilization. IUDs low cost make them the most popular method worldwide. Despite these benefits, IUDs have minimal market penetration in the United States where they are expensive, disparaged by an older generation of physicians, and withheld from teenagers, nulliparous women, and women not in mutually monogamous relationships, i.e., those who would most benefit. This article reviews the nearly forgotten history of the IUD that resulted in broadening the Food and Drug Administration's oversight of medical devices, brought needed transparency to physicians' conflicts of interests, uncovered a corporate scandal with a whistleblower that led to a major pharmaceutical bankruptcy, and involved 327,000 women (though only 195,000 met strict criteria for claims) in the largest US personal injury case.

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Section: Dalkon Shield Fall-outmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Tail Strings: Impact of the Dalkon Shield 40 Years Later

Roepke¹,

Schaff²

2014

OJOG

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“…In the late 1970s and early 1980s, reports appeared in the literature describing an association between IUD use and the development of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) (22–26). Initial reports did not take into account possible confounding variables, such as age, type of device, and sexual behavior.…”

Section: Pid Infection Ectopic Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current assessment of the use of intrauterine devices

Westhoff

1996

Journal of Nurse-Midwifery

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“…A fair number of retrospective case--control studies identify IUDs as a risk factor in PID [14][15][16][17][18][19], and two recent retrospective studies conclude that IUDs are a risk factor for tubal infertility [20,21]. Before assuming that such studies show such an association, one must look from a scientific perspective at the manner in which the studies were conducted.…”

Section: Pid and Epidemiological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually transmitted disease, infertility, IUDs and epidemiology

Struthers¹

1987

Adv Contracept

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Intrauterine Devices and Acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Cited by 76 publications

References 11 publications

Long Tail Strings: Impact of the Dalkon Shield 40 Years Later

Long Tail Strings: Impact of the Dalkon Shield 40 Years Later

Current assessment of the use of intrauterine devices

Sexually transmitted disease, infertility, IUDs and epidemiology

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