Intravenous Drug Users' HIV‐Risk Behaviors with Primary/Other Partners

Rosengard, Cynthia; Anderson, Bradley J.; Stein, Michael D.

doi:10.1081/ada-120037375

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Consistent condom use by male IDUs is reportedly low and condom use is often less common with their primary sexual partners than with casual sexual partners [35], thus women with IDU sex partners are at risk from their partners' risk behaviors with both sexual and injecting partners. In our study, women with severe immunosuppression were substantially more likely to be diagnosed with a STI, independent of other factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in HIV-1 infected pregnant women in Europe

et al. 2007

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We investigated prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in a cohort of HIV-1-infected pregnant women and described factors associated with STI diagnosis, as a nested study within the European Collaborative Study (ECS). The ECS is a cohort study in which HIV-infected pregnant women are enrolled and their children followed from birth, according to standard clinical and laboratory protocols. Information on STIs diagnosed during pregnancy was collected retrospectively from the antenatal records of women enrolling between January 1999 and October 2005; other variables were obtained from the ECS prospective database. A total of 1,050 women were included: 530 in Western Europe and 520 in Ukraine. Syphilis was the most common bacterial STI (2% prevalence, 95% CI 1.2-3.0). Prevalence of HPV-related genital lesions was 8.6% (95%CI 6.9-10.4) and prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis was 12.1% (95%CI 10.2-14.2). Women in Ukraine (AOR 10.7, 95%CI 3.7-30.5), single women (AOR 3.9, 95%CI 1.2-12.7), sexual partners of injecting drug users (AOR 3.8, 95%CI 1.4-10.4) and women with CD4 counts <200 cells/mm(3) (AOR 5.4, 95%CI 1.0-28.1) were at increased risk of diagnosis with Chlamydia trachomatis, syphilis or Trichomonas vaginalis. African origin (AOR 1.9, 95%CI 1.1-3.3) and CD4 count <200 cells/mm(3) (AOR 3.4, 95%CI 1.5-7.8) were associated with HSV-2 and/or HPV-related genital lesions. Antenatal screening should be considered an effective tool for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of further transmission of STIs. HIV-infected women should receive adequate screening for STIs during pregnancy together with appropriate counseling and follow-up for treatment and prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in HIV-1 infected pregnant women in Europe

et al. 2007

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“…At the end of 2004, 26% of cumulative AIDS cases were attributed solely to injection drug use (CDC, 2005) while this estimate climbs to over one-third (36%) of cases since the beginning of the epidemic when considering indirect transmission (e.g., sexual contact with an injection drug user). Indeed, recent studies have shown the potential of injection drug users (IDUs) to not only acquire HIV through injection drug use, but also to transmit HIV to the larger population through their engagement in sexual risk behavior (Houlding & Davidson, 2003;Kuyper et al, 2004;Rosengard, Anderson, & Stein, 2004;van Empelen, Schaalma, Kok, & Jansen, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homelessness and HIV-Associated Risk Behavior Among African American Men Who Inject Drugs and Reside in the Urban South of the United States

et al. 2007

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This study determined whether homeless injection drug users (IDUs) were more likely than stably housed IDUs to engage in HIV-associated risk behaviors. Respondent driven sampling was used to recruit 343 African American male IDUs. About 69% of men had been homeless in the past year and 13% were HIV positive. Controlling for age and income, homeless men as compared to stably housed men were 2.6 times more likely to report sharing needles, 2.4 times more likely to have 4 or more sex partners and 2.4 times more likely to have had sex with other men. Homeless men were also twice as likely to report having unprotected sex with a casual partner and about two-thirds less likely to report never using sterile needles. Self-reported HIV status was an effect modifier of these associations such that the observed relationships applied mostly only to men who were not knowingly HIV positive.

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“…Research indicates that drugs affect a person's ability to make good judgments and increase engagement in impulsive, often dangerous behaviors (Wistanley, Gust, and Strathdee, 2006) such as having multiple sexual partners and increased length of sexual encounters (Rosengard, Anderson, and Stein, 2004;Semple, Patterson, and Grant, 2004). Numerous international and African studies have shown that condom use among the drug-using population is at best inconsistent (Abdool et al, 2006;Dewing et al, 2006;McCurdy, Williams, Kilonzo, Ross, and Leshabari, 2005), very infrequent with oral sex (Semple et al, 2004), and more likely to be used with casual partners than regular partners (Des Jarlais and Salaam, 2005;McCurdy et al, 2005;Rosengard et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-Risk Behavior Among Injecting or Non-Injecting Drug Users in Cape Town, Pretoria, and Durban, South Africa

Parry

Carney

Petersen

et al. 2009

Substance Use & Misuse

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The rapid assessment aimed to describe drug use and sexual practices that place injection and noninjection drug users (IDUs/NIDUs) at risk for HIV in South Africa. The sample comprised 85 key-informant (KI) and focus-group (FG) interviewees in or serving locations with high levels of drug use in Cape Town, Durban, and Pretoria. HIV testing of drug-using KIs was conducted using the SmartCheck Rapid HIV-1 Antibody Test. The findings indicated that commonly used drugs had differing effects on sexual and drug-use practices. Risky injecting behaviors among IDUs were common, and most interviewees engaged in sex when on drugs, some without condoms. These behaviors were also influenced by trust in intimate relationships. Injection drug users seemed more knowledgeable about HIV transmission than NIDUs, and 20% of IDUs who agreed to HIV screening tested positive. Views about drug- and HIV-intervention services, accessibility, and their efficacy were mixed. The findings suggest greater synergy is needed between drug- and HIV-intervention sectors and that consideration should be given to making various risk-reduction strategies more accessible. The study's limitations have been noted.

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Intravenous Drug Users' HIV‐Risk Behaviors with Primary/Other Partners

Cited by 34 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in HIV-1 infected pregnant women in Europe

Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in HIV-1 infected pregnant women in Europe

Homelessness and HIV-Associated Risk Behavior Among African American Men Who Inject Drugs and Reside in the Urban South of the United States

HIV-Risk Behavior Among Injecting or Non-Injecting Drug Users in Cape Town, Pretoria, and Durban, South Africa

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