Intravenous Fluid Therapy of Calves

Berchtold, Joachim

doi:10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30161-4

Cited by 39 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Some diarrheic calves had a metabolic acidosis as evidenced by low blood pH, low bicarbonate concentrations and negative base excess values [1,2,8,9,[13][14][15]. In treating a metabolic acidosis, the veterinarian must determine the dose and rate of administration of sodium bicarbonate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When these signs appear, the fluid infusion should be slowed or be stopped. Venous congestion especially of the jugular vein and sustained rise of 4.4 mmHg in CVP should be also taken as signs that the infusion should be slowed or stopped [2,4,12]. In this study, the IV infusion of 5, 10, 15 ml/kg of ISB, over the 30 min, did not induce any abnormal clinical signs, and the increases in CVPs were less than 0.3, 0.5 and 1.3 mmHg during the infusion, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Administration of oral rehydrated fluids to a dehydrated calf is performed on a daily basis in veterinary practice [2,16]. If treatment with oral fluids is not successful, intravenous restoration of an acid-base disorder is preferred.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Isotonic Sodium Bicarbonate Solution for Alkalizing Effects in Conscious Calves.

et al. 2002

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ABSTRACT. After intravenous (IV) infusion of various volumes of 1.35%-isotonic sodium bicarbonate solution (ISB), acid-base equilibrium, blood pressure, plasma volume and biochemical parameters in healthy Holstein calves were studied. Four calves each were randomly assigned to the low-dose (LD; IV infusion of 5 ml/kg ISB), middle-dose (MD; IV infusion of 10 ml/kg ISB) and the high-dose groups (HD; IV infusion of 15 ml/kg ISB). Administration volumes of ISB in the LD, MD and HD groups were decided based on the first half volumes of 5, 10 and 15 mEq of base requirement by the acceptable equation. Systemic, pulmonary artery and central venous pressures, cardiac output and plasma osmotic pressure were not changed by ISB infusion and remained constant throughout the experiment for all groups. There was good correlation ( r 2 = 0.950) between relative changes in base excess and infused volume of bicarbonate (y=2.491x). The coefficient of distribution for bicarbonate ions was calculated to be 0.401 (=1/2.491). Therefore, it is suggested that a value of 0.4 would be most appropriate when calculating the base requirements in calves. Therefore, the first half volumes of ISB correcting base deficits of 5, 10 and 15 mEq in calves were estimated to be 6, 12 and 18 ml/kg, respectively. On the basis of the findings in this study, ISB may be used to correct metabolic acidosis without altering the plasma osmotic pressure, hemodynamic status and respiratory function in the calves. KEY WORDS: acid-base equilibrium, calf, coefficient of distribution, metabolic acidosis, sodium bicarbonate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Isotonic Sodium Bicarbonate Solution for Alkalizing Effects in Conscious Calves.

et al. 2002

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“…Fecal fluid loss in profuse watery diarrhea can reach 13 to 18% of body weight per day [1]. Regardless of the causes of diarrhea in calves, a predictable set of physiological and metabolic events develops, including dehydration, hypovolemic shock, azotemia, and loss of bicarbonate and electrolytes from extracellular fluids [10].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1 shows the relationships of the depression scores with pH, TCO 2 In bovine practice, calves that have the ability to stand, a slightly cold mouth, and weak suckle reflex are considered to have a BE = -10 mM and severe acidosis [4]. In general, sodium bicarbonate should be used for treatment of severe acidemia (BE < -10 mM), and acetated or lactated Ringer's solution should be used to correct less severe metabolic acidosis [1]. The area under the ROC curve for a depression score identifying severe metabolic acidosis (BE < -10 mM) was 0.921 (p<0.001, Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationship between Depression Score and Acid-Base Status in Japanese Black Calves with Diarrhea

2007

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ABSTRACT. We evaluated the relationship between depression score and acid-base status in 84 purebred and crossbred Japanese Black calves. The bicarbonate (p<0.001) and base excess concentrations (p<0.001) were significantly and negatively correlated with the depression scores of the calves. The proposed diagnostic cutoff point for a depression score that indicates severe metabolic acidosis (BE < -10 mM) is 6.5 based on analysis of the ROC curve. The sensitivity and specificity were 88.4% and 81.2%, respectively. The depression scoring system is a useful tool for evaluation of the acid-base status of purebred and crossbred Japanese Black calves. In addition, a depression score of 6.5 suggests severe metabolic acidosis and that intravenous infusion of sodium bicarbonate solution is necessary. KEY WORDS: calf, depression score, Japanese Black calf.

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Fluid therapy

Walz

2014

Farm Animal Anesthesia

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Intravenous Fluid Therapy of Calves

Cited by 39 publications

References 29 publications

Evaluation of Isotonic Sodium Bicarbonate Solution for Alkalizing Effects in Conscious Calves.

Evaluation of Isotonic Sodium Bicarbonate Solution for Alkalizing Effects in Conscious Calves.

Relationship between Depression Score and Acid-Base Status in Japanese Black Calves with Diarrhea

Fluid therapy

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