Intravenous leiomyomatosis: two cases with different routes of tumor extension

Lam, Paul; Lo, KW; Yu, Mengmeng; Wong, Wcw; Lau, James Y.; Arifi, Ahmed A.; Cheung, Tak Hong

doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2003.08.012

Cited by 130 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…6 In our case, beaded tumors found intraoperatively in the left parametrium were confirmed via histological examination to be IVL in the left uterine vein. However, we were unable to obtain a histological finding of the mass within the right ovarian vein and IVC.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Vanishing intravenous leiomyomatosis after hysterectomy: Assessment of the need to perform complete resection

Maneyama

Matsuda

Wakana

et al. 2016

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

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Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is a rare smooth muscle tumor that may extend into extrauterine veins. A high IVL recurrence rate has been reported after hysterectomy. A 44-year-old woman underwent total hysterectomy as a result of uterine leiomyoma, and IVL within the left uterine vein was incidentally found during the surgery. A residual tumor within the right ovarian vein was detected on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) two days postoperatively. The tumor was diagnosed as IVL because it showed contrast enhancement on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging by retrospective re-interpretation. However, the tumor completely disappeared on contrast-enhanced CT without any medical treatment five months postoperatively. This is the first report of spontaneous regression of IVL. Postsurgical imaging was important to determine the residual extrauterine extension of IVL when it was incidentally found during gynecologic surgery. A hysterectomy alone may be adequate in selected cases, but long-term follow-up imaging is strongly recommended in all cases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Vanishing intravenous leiomyomatosis after hysterectomy: Assessment of the need to perform complete resection

Maneyama

Matsuda

Wakana

et al. 2016

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

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“…The mainstay of treatment is surgical including total hysterectomy (TH), bilateral salpingo oophorectomy(BSO), and complete resection of the intravenous and intracardiac extension, if present. One-or two-stage surgery has been used in cases of thoracic involvement [45,46], requiring a multidisciplinary team to perform the procedure. Given the fact that estrogen and progesterone receptors are present in both the tumor cells and the vessel walls [42], BSO is essential and exogenous estrogens must be avoided to prevent subsequent growth of microscopic or unresected foci of IVL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leiomyomas beyond the uterus; benign metastasizing leiomyomatosis with paraaortic metastasizing endometriosis and intravenous leiomyomatosis: a case series and review of the literature

Mahmoud

Desai

Nezhat

2014

Arch Gynecol Obstet

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Uterine leiomyomas affect 20-30 % of women 35 years and older. Extrauterine leiomyomas are rare and present a greater diagnostic challenge. Those unusual growth patterns occur more often in women of reproductive age with a history of hysterectomy or surgery for uterine leiomyomas. They have been reported in the literature in case reports and small case series and include benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML), disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis, intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL), parasitic leiomyomas, and retroperitoneal growth. In this case series we present a case of BML with a first report of concomitant endometriosis metastasis to paraaortic lymphnodes, and a case of IVL. The findings and surgical management of those cases, as well as a review of the literature pertinent to those entities, are also presented.

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“…Our previous experience demonstrated the tumor extension through two different routes of venous channels [26] . The different route of extension might have an effect on the level of difficulty during surgical removal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma with Florid Intravenous Component

Yu²,

Cheung³

2008

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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A case of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS) with striking involvement of pelvic veins is reported. The pattern of vascular involvement resembled that seen in intravenous leiomyomatosis. The report illustrated that the possibility of venous involvement should always be considered in the management of LGESS. Search for tumor involvement of the venous system at the time of diagnosis of metastasis or recurrence is essential. Surgical management of extensive venous recurrence of LGESS is feasible.

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Intravenous leiomyomatosis: two cases with different routes of tumor extension

Cited by 130 publications

References 11 publications

Vanishing intravenous leiomyomatosis after hysterectomy: Assessment of the need to perform complete resection

Vanishing intravenous leiomyomatosis after hysterectomy: Assessment of the need to perform complete resection

Leiomyomas beyond the uterus; benign metastasizing leiomyomatosis with paraaortic metastasizing endometriosis and intravenous leiomyomatosis: a case series and review of the literature

Low-Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma with Florid Intravenous Component

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