Intravitreous VEGF-A in eyes with massive vitreous hemorrhage

Shirasawa, Makoto; Arimura, Noboru; Otsuka, Hiroki; Sonoda, Shozo; Hashiguchi, Teruto; Sakamoto, Taiji

doi:10.1007/s00417-011-1795-5

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Although VEGF is abundant in serum, the levels of VEGF in the vitreous fluid did not differ significantly between eyes with massive vitreous hemorrhage without diabetic retinopathy and nondiabetic eyes without vitreous hemorrhage. On the other hand, the concentration of VEGF was significantly higher in eyes with PDR than in nondiabetic eyes with massive vitreous hemorrhage or nondiabetic eyes with no vitreous hemorrhage [33]. Moreover, in a previous study, we reported that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was not detected in vitreous samples from patients with PDR and nondiabetic control patients, whereas BDNF was detected in all serum samples from patients with PDR and nondiabetic controls [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Vitreous Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

et al. 2013

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To investigate which matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are more likely to be involved in the angiogenic process in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), we measured the levels of MMPs in the vitreous fluid from patients with PDR and controls and correlated these levels with the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Vitreous samples from 32 PDR and 24 nondiabetic patients were studied by mosaic multiplex MMPs enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), single ELISA, Western blot and zymography analysis. Epiretinal membranes from 11 patients with PDR were studied by immunohistochemistry. MMP-8 and MMP-13 were not detected. ELISA, Western blot and gelatin ymography assays revealed significant increases in the expression levels of MMP-1, MMP-7, MMP-9 and VEGF in vitreous samples from PDR patients compared to nondiabetic controls, whereas MMP-2 and MMP-3 were not upregulated in vitreous samples from PDR patients. Significant correlations existed between ELISA and zymography assays for the quantitation of MMP-2 (r=0.407; p=0.039) and MMP-9 (r=0.711; p<0.001). Significant correlations were observed between levels of VEGF and levels of MMP-1 (r=0.845; P<0.001) and MMP-9 (r=0.775; p<0.001), and between levels of MMP-1 and MMP-9 (r=0.857; p<0.001). In epiretinal membranes, cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for MMP-9 was present in vascular endothelial cells and stromal monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils. Our findings suggest that among the MMPs measured, MMP-1 and MMP-9 may contribute to the angiogenic switch in PDR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Vitreous Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

et al. 2013

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“…Although VEGF is abundant in serum, the levels of VEGF in the vitreous fluid did not differ significantly between eyes with nondiabetic massive vitreous hemorrhage and nondiabetic eyes without vitreous hemorrhage. On the other hand, the concentration of VEGF was significantly higher in eyes with PDR than in nondiabetic eyes with massive vitreous hemorrhage or nondiabetic eyes with no vitreous hemorrhage [ 38 ]. Furthermore, in a previous study, we reported that brain-derived neurotophic factor (BDNF) was not detected in vitreous samples from patients with PDR and nondiabetic control patients, whereas BDNF was detected in all serum samples from patients with PDR and nondiabetic controls [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of bioactive lysophospholipids and processing enzymes in the vitreous from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe bioactive lysophospholipids phosphatidic acid (PA), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) have been implicated in mediating cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis and fibrosis. This study was conducted to measure the levels of PA, LPA, LPA-producing enzymes phospholipase A1/A2 (PLA1A/PLA2, respectively) and acylgylycerol kinase (AGK), the S1P receptor S1PR1, the S1P catabolising enzyme S1P lyase (SPL) and 5-lipoxygenase in the vitreous fluid from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). In addition, we investigated the correlations between the levels of PA and LPA and the levels of the inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction biomarker soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1).MethodsVitreous samples from 34 PDR and 29 nondiabetic patients were studied by biochemical and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blot analysis.ResultsPA, LPA and sVCAM-1 levels in vitreous samples from PDR patients were significantly higher than those in nondiabetic patients. Significant correlations were observed between levels of LPA and levels of PA and sVCAM-1. Western blot analysis revealed a significant increase in the expression of PLA1A, AGK, S1PR1 and SPL in vitreous samples from PDR patients compared to nondiabetic controls, whereas PLA2 and 5-lipoxygenase were not detected.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the enzymatic activities of PLA1A and AGK might be responsible for increased synthesis of LPA in PDR and that PLA1A, but not PLA2 is responsible for deacylation of PA to generate LPA. S1PR1 and SPL might regulate inflammatory, angiogenic and fibrogenic responses in PDR.

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“…Finally, the antiangiogenic effectiveness of UPARANT was assessed in sprouting assays including human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) in which sprouting was induced by the vitreous fluid collected from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). This experimental procedure determines the effective-ness of UPARANT in counteracting angiogenic processes elicited by a milieu that contains high levels of proangiogenic agents [26][27][28] and induces retinal endothelial cell proliferation by acting as a human eye-derived proangiogenic factor. [29][30][31][32]…”

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confidence: 99%

Antiangiogenic Effectiveness of the Urokinase Receptor-Derived Peptide UPARANT in a Model of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy

Monte

Rezzola

Cammalleri

et al. 2015

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Intravitreous VEGF-A in eyes with massive vitreous hemorrhage

Abstract: Even with a massive VH, diffusible VEGF does not increase significantly in the liquid phase and is principally present in a clot. VH alone should not be an indication for vitrectomy from the point of view of VEGF-related pathology.

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Relationship between Vitreous Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Relationship between Vitreous Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Expression of bioactive lysophospholipids and processing enzymes in the vitreous from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Antiangiogenic Effectiveness of the Urokinase Receptor-Derived Peptide UPARANT in a Model of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy

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