Intrinsic aerobic capacity governs the associations between gut microbiota composition and fat metabolism age-dependently in rat siblings

Pekkala, Satu; Lensu, Sanna; Nokia, Miriam S.; Vanhatalo, Sanja; Koch, Lauren G.; Britton, Steven L.; Kainulainen, Heikki

doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00081.2017

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The major findings of this study indicate that the six-weeks guided endurance exercise training induced modest shifts in gut microbiota both at taxonomical and functional level. In accordance, animal studies by us and others have reported that high-intensity endurance training modified the gut microbiota (Campbell et al, 2016 ; Denou et al, 2016 ) and, that intrinsic aerobic capacity impacts the microbiota composition (Pekkala et al, 2017 ). In recent times, accumulating attention has been addressed to the possible link between gut microbiota and physical fitness also in humans.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Six-Week Endurance Exercise Alters Gut Metagenome That Is not Reflected in Systemic Metabolism in Over-weight Women

et al. 2018

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Recent studies suggest that exercise alters the gut microbiome. We determined whether six-weeks endurance exercise, without changing diet, affected the gut metagenome and systemic metabolites of overweight women. Previously sedentary overweight women (n = 19) underwent a six-weeks endurance exercise intervention, but two were excluded due to antibiotic therapy. The gut microbiota composition and functions were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and metagenomics. Body composition was analyzed with DXA X-ray densitometer and serum metabolomics with NMR metabolomics. Total energy and energy-yielding nutrient intakes were analyzed from food records using Micro-Nutrica software. Serum clinical variables were determined with KONELAB instrument. Soluble Vascular Adhesion Protein 1 (VAP-1) was measured with ELISA and its' enzymatic activity as produced hydrogen peroxide. The exercise intervention was effective, as maximal power and maximum rate of oxygen consumption increased while android fat mass decreased. No changes in diet were observed. Metagenomic analysis revealed taxonomic shifts including an increase in Akkermansia and a decrease in Proteobacteria. These changes were independent of age, weight, fat % as well as energy and fiber intake. Training slightly increased Jaccard distance of genus level β-diversity. Training did not alter the enriched metagenomic pathways, which, according to Bray Curtis dissimilarity analysis, may have been due to that only half of the subjects' microbiomes responded considerably to exercise. Nevertheless, tranining decreased the abundance of several genes including those related to fructose and amino acid metabolism. These metagenomic changes, however, were not translated into major systemic metabolic changes as only two metabolites, phospholipids and cholesterol in large VLDL particles, decreased after exercise. Training also decreased the amine oxidase activity of pro-inflammatory VAP-1, whereas no changes in CRP were detected. All clinical blood variables were within normal range, yet exercise slightly increased glucose and decreased LDL and HDL. In conclusion, exercise training modified the gut microbiome without greatly affecting systemic metabolites or body composition. Based on our data and existing literature, we propose that especially Akkermansia and Proteobacteria are exercise-responsive taxa. Our results warrant the need for further studies in larger cohorts to determine whether exercise types other than endurance exercise also modify the gut metagenome.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Six-Week Endurance Exercise Alters Gut Metagenome That Is not Reflected in Systemic Metabolism in Over-weight Women

et al. 2018

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“…For instance, Firmicutes , Bifidobacterium , and Lactobacillus have multiple beneficial effects on host metabolism, producing energy and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (Antunes et al 2019 ; Bang et al 2018 ; Blakeley-Ruiz et al 2019 ). Furthermore, the intestinal microbiota regulates carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (Li et al 2018a , b ; Pekkala et al 2017 ), providing the host with sources of energy or activating receptors (Federici 2019 ). Intestinal microorganisms are also involved in the synthesis of key vitamins that cannot be produced by their host organisms (Grieneisen et al 2019 ; Martin et al 2018 ; Srugo et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing the strategy of metagenomics for exploring the intestinal microecology of sable (Martes zibellina), the national first-level protected animal

Yan

Yao

et al. 2020

AMB Expr

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Sable (Martes zibellina), a member of family Mustelidae, order Carnivora, is primarily distributed in the cold northern zone of Eurasia. The purpose of this study was to explore the intestinal flora of the sable by metagenomic library-based techniques. Libraries were sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq 4000 instrument. The effective sequencing data of each sample was above 6000 M, and the ratio of clean reads to raw reads was over 98%. The total ORF length was approximately 603,031, equivalent to 347.36 Mbp. We investigated gene functions with the KEGG database and identified 7140 KEGG ortholog (KO) groups comprising 129,788 genes across all of the samples. We selected a subset of genes with the highest abundances to construct cluster heat maps. From the results of the KEGG metabolic pathway annotations, we acquired information on gene functions, as represented by the categories of metabolism, environmental information processing, genetic information processing, cellular processes and organismal systems. We then investigated gene function with the CAZy database and identified functional carbohydrate hydrolases corresponding to genes in the intestinal microorganisms of sable. This finding is consistent with the fact that the sable is adapted to cold environments and requires a large amount of energy to maintain its metabolic activity. We also investigated gene functions with the eggNOG database; the main functions of genes included gene duplication, recombination and repair, transport and metabolism of amino acids, and transport and metabolism of carbohydrates. In this study, we attempted to identify the complex structure of the microbial population of sable based on metagenomic sequencing methods, which use whole metagenomic data, and to map the obtained sequences to known genes or pathways in existing databases, such as CAZy, KEGG, and eggNOG. We then explored the genetic composition and functional diversity of the microbial community based on the mapped functional categories.

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“…Nowadays, it is widely known that gut microorganisms are indispensable for the host nutrient absorption and metabolism (De Mandal et al 2018;Deng et al 2019;Dong et al 2018;Pan et al 2019;Si et al 2020), for instance, Firmicutes, Bi dobacterium, and Lactobacillus, which have multiple bene cial effects on host metabolism to produce energy and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (Antunes et al 2019;Bang et al 2018;Blakeley-Ruiz et al 2019). Furthermore, the intestinal microbiota regulates carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (Li et al 2018b;Pekkala et al 2017), provide the host with source of energy or activate receptors (Federici 2019). It is worth mentioning that intestinal microorganisms are involved in the synthesis of key vitamins that cannot be produced by the host organisms (Grieneisen et al 2019;Martin et al 2018;Srugo et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing the strategy of metagenomics for exploring the intestinal microecology of sable (Martes zibellina), the national first-level protected animal

Yan

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Sable (Martes zibellina), belongs to Carnivora, Mustelidae and Maretes, was mainly distributed among the cold northern zone of Eurasia. The purpose of this study is to explore the intestinal flora of the sable by the method of the metagenomic library-based technique, libraries were sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq 4000 instrument. Effective Data volume of each sample is above 6000M, the ratio of the Effective Data (the Clean Data) to original Data (Raw Data) is over 98%. According to the analysis of statistical data, the Total length of ORF is about 603,031, which is 347.36 Mbp. We contrast the unique function of genes with KEGG database, we acquire 7140 genes (KO), a total of all the samples KO is 129788. We selected higher abundance genes to draw cluster heat maps, and according to the results of the KEGG metabolic pathway annotations, we acquire the gene function，including metabolism, environmental information processing, genetic information processing, cellular process and organismal systems. We contrast the unique function of genes with CAZy database, the functional carbohydrate hydrolases have corresponding genes in the intestinal microorganisms of the sable. This is closely related to the fact that the sable is adapted to cold environments and requires a large amount of energy to maintain its metabolic activity. We contrast the unique function of genes with eggNOG database，the main functions of genes included gene duplication, recombination and repair, transport and metabolism of amino acids, transport and metabolism of carbohydrates, etc. In this study, we intended to identify the complex microbial population structure of sables based on metagenomic sequencing method, which uses the whole metagenomic data, mapping the sequences to the known genes or the pathways in the existing databases, such as CAZy, KEGG, or eggNOG, and then exploring the genetic composition and functional diversity of microbial community based on the mapped functional categories.

show abstract

Intrinsic aerobic capacity governs the associations between gut microbiota composition and fat metabolism age-dependently in rat siblings

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Six-Week Endurance Exercise Alters Gut Metagenome That Is not Reflected in Systemic Metabolism in Over-weight Women

Six-Week Endurance Exercise Alters Gut Metagenome That Is not Reflected in Systemic Metabolism in Over-weight Women

Harnessing the strategy of metagenomics for exploring the intestinal microecology of sable (Martes zibellina), the national first-level protected animal

Harnessing the strategy of metagenomics for exploring the intestinal microecology of sable (Martes zibellina), the national first-level protected animal

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