Intrinsic Behavior of CH3NH3PbBr3 Single Crystals under Light Illumination

Ecker, Benjamin; Wang, Congcong; Wei, Haotong; Yuan, Yongbo; Huang, Jinsong; Gao, Yongli

doi:10.1002/admi.201801206

Cited by 18 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…X-ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements revealed that, within 10 h, half of the Pb 2 + at the surface had been converted into metallic Pb, whereas C, N, and Br elemental concentration dropped significantly; this resulted in the creation of μm sized voids at the crystal surface, as evidenced by FIB images (Figure 14g). [148] TEM results further showed that single crystals broke apart into nanocrystals upon light exposure, in accordance to previous studies reported the formation of grain boundaries upon aging. [151,152] MAPI SC were found to degrade under UV-light even at temperature as low as 5K and in a similar fashion to PC perovskite.…”

Section: Lightsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus it is important to design diffusion barrier to prevent such reaction from occuring. [32,148] Such barriers are called ion blocking layers and take the form of post treatment on the perovskite layer before the completion of the cell. Importantly, blocking layers such as PCBM (Figure 30) were also efficient to stop issues related to light illumination or heat for MAPI PC films.…”

Section: Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monocrystalline Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Materials for Photovoltaics

Capitaine

Sciacca

2021

Advanced Materials

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Lead halide perovskite solar cells have been gaining more and more interest. In only a decade, huge research efforts from interdisciplinary communities enabled enormous scientific advances that rapidly led to energy conversion efficiency near that of record silicon solar cells, at an unprecedented pace. However, while for most materials the best solar cells were achieved with single crystals (SC), for perovskite the best cells have been so far achieved with polycrystalline (PC) thin films, despite the optoelectronic properties of perovskite SC are undoubtedly superior. Here, by taking as example monocrystalline methylammonium lead halide, the authors elaborate the literature from material synthesis and characterization to device fabrication and testing, to provide with plausible explanations for the relatively low efficiency, despite the superior optoelectronics performance. In particular, the authors focus on how solar cell performance is affected by anisotropy, crystal orientation, surface termination, interfaces, and device architecture. It is argued that, to unleash the full potential of monocrystalline perovskite, a holistic approach is needed in the design of next‐generation device architecture. This would unquestionably lead to power conversion efficiency higher than those of PC perovskites and silicon solar cells, with tremendous impact on the swift deployment of renewable energy on a large scale.

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Section: Lightsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monocrystalline Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Materials for Photovoltaics

Capitaine

Sciacca

2021

Advanced Materials

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“…Light-induced degradation is inevitable against its real application as light absorber in solar cells. [86] Several researchers have reported that sustained illumination caused the decomposition of the perovskite films. [87,88] Moreover, the perovskite material is a structurally soft material compared with c-Si and III-V multi-junction compound (CdTe, GaAs, CIGS) and would decompose by outgassing under high vacuum as encountered in space.…”

Section: High Vacuum With Light Illuminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perovskite Solar Cells for Space Applications: Progress and Challenges

et al. 2021

Advanced Materials

247

166

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The general chemical formula of metal halide perovskite is ABX 3 , where A is a monovalent cation (such as FA + [ formamidinium], MA + [methylammonium], or Cs + ), B is a divalent metal cation (such as Pb 2+ , Sn 2+ , or Ge 2+ ), and X is a monovalent halogen anion (such as I − , Br − , or Cl − ). [9] Photovoltaic devices based on perovskite absorbers have achieved a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.5% [10] in single-junction devices and obtained a PCE above 26.7% [11] in tandem devices, in which the best PCE is comparable to those of some commercially available products on the photovoltaic market, such as crystalline silicon (HIT, champion PCE of 26.7%), cadmium telluride (CdTe, champion PCE of 22.1%), gallium arsenide (GaAs, champion PCE of 27.8%), and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS, champion PCE of 23.4%) solar cells. In particular, only sub-micron-thick absorber is needed in perovskite solar cells because of perovskite's high optical absorption coefficient of about 10 4 cm −1 , [12] therefore high specific power is expected. Combined with the low-temperature solution processability and radiation resistance, [13] these features render PSCs as a Metal halide perovskites have aroused burgeoning interest in the field of photovoltaics owing to their versatile optoelectronic properties. The outstanding power conversion efficiency, high specific power (i.e., power to weight ratio), compatibility with flexible substrates, and excellent radiation resistance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) enable them to be a promising candidate for next-generation space photovoltaic technology. Nevertheless, compared with other practical space photovoltaics, such as silicon and III-V multi-junction compound solar cells, the research on PSCs for space applications is just in the infancy stage. Therefore, there are considerable interests in further strengthening relevant research from the perspective of both mechanism and technology. Consequently, the approaches used for and the consequences of PSCs for space applications are reviewed. This review provides an overview of recent progress in PSCs for space applications in terms of performance evolution and mechanism exploration of perovskite films and devices under space extreme environments.

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“…[15,16] It has been suggested that the internal structure of the MAPbBr 3 crystals is far from perfect due to light-and environment-induced macroscopic voids. [17] Herein, we find that as-synthesized macroscopic MAPbBr 3 crystals exhibit significant presence of chemical contaminants such as oxygen and amorphous carbon, along with a substantial amount of metallic lead (Pb˚), both at their surface and-most intriguingly-deep in the bulk. The Br:Pb ratio is 2.6, instead of 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Facile and noninvasive passivation, doping and chemical tuning of macroscopic hybrid perovskite crystals

et al. 2020

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Halide vacancies and associated metallic lead (Pb˚) observed at the surface and deep inside macroscopic organolead trihalide perovskite crystals is removed through a facile and noninvasive treatment. Indeed, Br 2 vapor is shown to passivate Br-vacancies and associated Pb˚in the bulk of macroscopic crystals. Controlling the exposure time can markedly improve the overall stoichiometry for moderate exposures or introduce excessive bromide for long exposures, resulting in p-doping of the crystals. In the low dose passivation regime, Hall effect measurements reveal a ca. 3-fold increase in carrier mobility to ca. 15 cm 2 V-1 s-1 , while the p-doping increases the electrical conductivity ca. 10000-fold, including a 50-fold increase in carrier mobility to ca. 150 cm 2 V-1 s-1. The ease of diffusion of Br 2 vapor into macroscopic crystals is ascribed to the porosity allowed in rapidly grown crystals through aggregative processes of the colloidal sol during growth of films and macroscopic crystals. This process is believed to form significant growth defects, including open voids, which may be remnants of the escaping solvent at the solidification front. These results suggest that due to the sol-gel-like nature of the growth process, macroscopic perovskite crystals reported in this study are far from perfect and point to possible pathways to improving the optoelectronic properties of these materials. Nevertheless, the ability of the vapor-phase approach to access and tune the bulk chemistry and properties of nominally macroscopic perovskite crystals provides interesting new opportunities to precisely manipulate and functionalize the bulk properties of hybrid perovskite crystals in a noninvasive manner.

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Intrinsic Behavior of CH₃NH₃PbBr₃ Single Crystals under Light Illumination

Cited by 18 publications

References 51 publications

Monocrystalline Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Materials for Photovoltaics

Monocrystalline Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Materials for Photovoltaics

Perovskite Solar Cells for Space Applications: Progress and Challenges

Facile and noninvasive passivation, doping and chemical tuning of macroscopic hybrid perovskite crystals

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