Intrinsic membrane properties of vertebrate vestibular neurons: Function, development and plasticity

Straka, Hans; Vibert, Nicolas; Vidal, Pierre‐Paul; Moore, Lee E.; Dutia, Mayank B.

doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.10.002

Cited by 222 publications

(268 citation statements)

References 258 publications

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“…This is reflected by the dense concentration of proprioceptive organs within cervical musculature and the extensive network of connections that cervical afferents form with numerous components of the postural control system. These include visual and vestibular centres, supraspinal centres, key cervical nuclei and several postural reflexes that contribute to maintaining homeostasis of the head, neck and body (36)(37)(38)(39). Considering the many systems that draw information from cervical afferents, it is evident that the integrity of this information is essential to ensure accurate sensorimotor processing and motor output.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both clinical and experimental studies indicate that proprioceptive disturbances in the cervical spine and maladaptive changes in the central 36 nervous system may be an important factor in the development, maintenance and progression of sensorimotor disturbances such as increased postural sway. Therefore, addressing these deficits is an essential step toward the development of effective treatment and rehabilitation programmes for neck pain patients.…”

Section: Impairment Of Postural Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Cervical Spine Manipulation on Postural Sway in Patients With Nonspecific Neck Pain

Fisher

Bacon

Mannion

2015

Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impairment Of Postural Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Cervical Spine Manipulation on Postural Sway in Patients With Nonspecific Neck Pain

Fisher

Bacon

Mannion

2015

Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics

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“…These animals show a more or less complete recovery of the lesion-induced static postural deficits over time (Dieringer, 1995;Curthoys, 2000), facilitated by the multimodality of the vestibular system (Angelaki and Cullen, 2008). The recovery is a distributed process (Llinás and Walton, 1979) and involves cellular changes as well as sensory substitutions of the removed vestibular inputs in particular by forelimb proprioceptive signals (Straka et al, 2005). As a consequence, any asymmetric activity in vestibulo-and vestibulo-reticulo-spinal pathways after the lesion is not persistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vestibular Asymmetry as the Cause of Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Possible Answer fromXenopus

Lambert¹,

Malinvaud²,

Glaunès

et al. 2009

J. Neurosci.

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Human idiopathic scoliosis is characterized by severe deformations of the spine and skeleton. The occurrence of vestibular-related deficits in these patients is well established but it is unclear whether a vestibular pathology is the common cause for the scoliotic syndrome and the gaze/posture deficits or if the latter behavioral deficits are a consequence of the scoliotic deformations. A possible vestibular origin was tested in the frog Xenopus laevis by unilateral removal of the labyrinthine endorgans at larval stages. After metamorphosis into young adult frogs, X-ray images and three-dimensional reconstructed micro-computer tomographic scans of the skeleton showed deformations similar to those of scoliotic patients. The skeletal distortions consisted of a curvature of the spine in the frontal and sagittal plane, a transverse rotation along the body axis and substantial deformations of all vertebrae. In terrestrial vertebrates, the initial postural syndrome after unilateral labyrinthectomy recovers over time and requires body weight-supporting limb proprioceptive information. In an aquatic environment, however, this information is absent. Hence, the lesion-induced asymmetric activity in descending spinal pathways and the resulting asymmetric muscular tonus persists. As a consequence the mostly cartilaginous skeleton of the frog tadpoles progressively deforms. Lack of limb proprioceptive signals in an aquatic environment is thus the element, which links the Xenopus model with human scoliosis because a comparable situation occurs during gestation in utero. A permanently imbalanced activity in descending locomotor/posture control pathways might be the common origin for the observed structural and behavioral deficits in humans as in the different animal models of scoliosis.

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“…In fact, VN neurons receiving direct synaptic input from vestibular afferents possess subthreshold voltage-gated ion currents such as persistent sodium (Johnston et al, 1994;Beraneck et al, 2003;Straka et al, 2005) that lead to amplification of coincident synaptic input (Stuart and Sakmann, 1995;Crill, 1996;Berman and Maler, 1998;Andreasen and Lambert, 1999). It is thus possible that VN neural responses depend critically on the precise timing of synaptic input.…”

Section: Role Of Intrinsic Noise Variability and System Nonlinearitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Variability, Detection Thresholds, and Information Transmission in the Vestibular System

Sadeghi¹,

Chacron²,

Taylor³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

224

240

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A fundamental issue in neural coding is the role of spike timing variation in information transmission of sensory stimuli. Vestibular afferents are particularly well suited to study this issue because they are classified as either regular or irregular based on resting discharge variability as well as morphology. Here, we compared the responses of each afferent class to sinusoidal and random head rotations using both information theoretic and gain measures. Information theoretic measures demonstrated that regular afferents transmitted, on average, two times more information than irregular afferents, despite having significantly lower gains. Moreover, consistent with information theoretic measures, regular afferents had angular velocity detection thresholds that were 50% lower than those of irregular afferents (ϳ4 vs 8°/s). Finally, to quantify the information carried by spike times, we added spike-timing jitter to the spike trains of both regular and irregular afferents. Our results showed that this significantly reduced information transmitted by regular afferents whereas it had little effect on irregular afferents. Thus, information is carried in the spike times of regular but not irregular afferents. Using a simple leaky integrate and fire model with a dynamic threshold, we show that differential levels of intrinsic noise can explain differences in the resting discharge, the responses to sensory stimuli, as well as the information carried by action potential timings of each afferent class. Our experimental and modeling results provide new insights as to how neural variability influences the strategy used by two different classes of sensory neurons to encode behaviorally relevant stimuli.

show abstract

Intrinsic membrane properties of vertebrate vestibular neurons: Function, development and plasticity

Cited by 222 publications

References 258 publications

The Effect of Cervical Spine Manipulation on Postural Sway in Patients With Nonspecific Neck Pain

The Effect of Cervical Spine Manipulation on Postural Sway in Patients With Nonspecific Neck Pain

Vestibular Asymmetry as the Cause of Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Possible Answer fromXenopus

Neural Variability, Detection Thresholds, and Information Transmission in the Vestibular System

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