Intrinsic motivation and sustained art activity among male fine and applied artists

Technology Component: A Modified Systems Approach to Creative Thought

“…The person category includes research on personality (Barron & Harrington. 1981) and characteristics of creative individuals of which intrinsic (Amabile, 2003;Stohs, 1992) and extrinsic motivations (Amabile, 2003;Rubenson & Runco, 1992) are often mentioned as the differentiating characteristics of creative people (Runco, 2004). In the product approach, the emphasis is on outcomes (Gardner, 1993;Runco, 2004;Simonton, 1984).…”

Who Goes Freelance? The Determinants of Self-Employment for Artists

“…6 Within the small set of empirical studies on artists exists an even smaller set of studies on artists' employment decisions. The employment decision of an artist has typically been modeled as an input to other types of labor outcomes, such as earnings (Wassall & Alper, 1992), occupational persistence (Stohs, 1991a(Stohs, , 1991b, and work hours (Robinson & Montgomery, 2000) via a traditional labor supply model. In general, these studies have found that not only is there great variability in artists' incomes, but also that the return on education is lower than in other occupations with otherwise similar characteristics (Filer, 1990).…”

Introduction

“…In fact, the arts are repmenaed in every volume of CRI. Helson (I%), for example, contrwtdd traits that were idantifid with artistic and investigiative occupations; Stohs (1992) and Ihduk, Berneche, Befube, awl Royer (1991) expkmd dm metivw involved in a?t work; Family (1993) srnd W k (1993) e x a m i d the morality of artists; and Rostan (1991) identifid p b b m finding in art.…”